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Ionizing radiation induces astrocyte gliosis through microglia activation
- Title
- Ionizing radiation induces astrocyte gliosis through microglia activation
- Authors
- Hwang S.-Y.; Jung J.-S.; Kim T.-H.; Lim S.-J.; Oh E.-S.; Kim J.-Y.; Ji K.-A.; Joe E.-H.; Cho K.-H.; Han I.-O.
- Ewha Authors
- 오억수
- SCOPUS Author ID
- 오억수
- Issue Date
- 2006
- Journal Title
- Neurobiology of Disease
- ISSN
- 0969-9961
- Citation
- Neurobiology of Disease vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 457 - 467
- Indexed
- SCIE; SCOPUS
- Document Type
- Article
- Abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the role of microglia in radiation-induced astrocyte gliosis. We found that a single dose of 15 Gy radiation to a whole rat brain increased immunostaining of glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes 6 h later, and even more so 24 h later, indicating the initiation of gliosis. While irradiation of cultured rat astrocytes had little effect, irradiation of microglia-astrocyte mixed-cultures displayed altered astrocyte phenotype into more processed, which is another characteristic of gliosis. Experiments using microglia-conditioned media indicated this astrocyte change was due to factors released from irradiated microglia. Irradiation of cultured mouse microglial cells induced a dose-dependent increase in mRNA levels for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ-inducible protein-10, which are usually associated with microglia activation. Consistent with these findings, irradiation of microglia activated NF-κB, a transcription factor that regulates microglial activation. Addition of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2: a metabolic product of the COX-2 enzyme) to primary cultured rat astrocytes resulted in phenotypic changes similar to those observed in mixed-culture experiments. Therefore, it appears that PGE 2 released from irradiated microglia is a key mediator of irradiation-induced gliosis or astrocyte phenotype change. These data suggest that radiation-induced microglial activation and resultant production of PGE 2 seems to be associated with an underlying cause of inflammatory complications associated with radiation therapy for malignant gliomas. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.nbd.2005.08.006
- Appears in Collections:
- 자연과학대학 > 생명과학전공 > Journal papers
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