畵紙 크기에 따른 表現능력의 교육적 分析 硏究

Abstract

Free Choice of materials or implements by children is desirable with their steps of growth. Children's capacity to think and the creative spirit to accomplish anything of the art in which they are interested in will be fostered and developed. Use of diverse materials and the freedom of expression must provide them with creative power. When viewed from this presumption there arises a problem in giving them always the same size of painting-paper as drawing materials. In this study 4 different types of painting paper of 39.2×36.1㎝, 38.9×26.9㎝, 32.3×22.6㎝ and 26.5×19.4㎝ have been adoptet to test expressional capacity according to the factors of length of time, contents and format and to find out, analyze, andprove various conditions for adequacy of size of painting paper and length of time which will brind about improvement of materials for expressional activities as well as well as for the realization of expression to as fullest extent as possible. The fundamental implement of test in this study was painting paper for test. Drawings were made on 2976 pieces of papers each sized 39.2×36.1㎝ (6 Fold), 38.9×26.9㎝ (8 Fold), 32.3×22.6㎝ (10 Fold), 26.5×19.4㎝ (16 Fold). Subjects of this study have been made from 744 children aged 6 and 7 extracted from 15 kindergardens in Seoul and dealt in statistics with X^(2) verification. Each of 744 children from Kindergarten were made to draw freely 4 times with crayon pastel to find out that there were hardly and difference among expressions of thema and color, but there were difference among the format and length of time for expression. Thus, it was infered that distinct differences in expressional conditions were caused by the different sizes of painting paper and the most suitable size of paper for the zone of age is 32.3×22.6㎝~26.5×19.4㎝, and the suitable length of time lies in 20~30 minutes. This study reveals how the different sizes of painting papers and different length of time affect the motivation for expression. The use of various materials could be diversified with penciles, sign-pens, dyes, but the same stuff was employed to fix the variation of the factor of utilization of space of a certain size of paper. Even through it is regreatful that there remains the difference of length of time of expression on the painting paper according to the use of materials not determined, I wish that this study can serve a practical assistance as a data for art education.;어린이는 成長에 따라서 材料나 用具를 自由로 選擇하도록 하는것이 좋다. 그리고 어린이가 思考 할 수 있는 能力과 美術에 興味를 갖고 무엇인가를 해 보려는 생각에서 創造力은 開發되는 것이며 多樣한 材料의 使用과 表現의 自由를 줌으로써 創造性을 길러진다고 본다. 그러나 언제나 一定한 크기의 面紙만을 주는것에 問題가 있다고 보았다. 이에 本 硏究에서는 크기가 다른 4種類(39.2×36.1㎝, 38.9×26.9cm, 32.3×22.6cm, 26.5×19.4cm)의 面紙를 時間, 內容, 形式에 따라 어린이의 表現能力을 調査함으로써 表現活動의 材料改善과 즐겁고 充分한 表現을 期待키 위한 여러 條件을 把握, 分析, 檢證하고 이들에게 알맞는 面紙 크기와 時間을 提示 하는데 있다. 硏究의 方法에서 基本道具는 實驗畵紙였다. 實驗은 39.2×36.1㎝(6절) 38.9×26.9㎝(8절) 32.3×22.6㎝(10절) 26.5×19.4cm(16절)의 畵紙, 作品(2,976枚)등이다. 硏究對象은 서울 市內 15個 幼稚園 6·7歲 어린이 744名을 目的抽出 하였고 統計處理는 x^(2)檢證 하였다. 또한 作品은 同一人이 크레파스를 使用하여 幼稚園 어린이 744名이 自由畵를 4回에 걸쳐서 實施한 結果 다음과 같은 分析 結果를 얻을 수 있었다. 畵紙의 크기에 따른 主題, 色彩의 表現은 差異가 없었으나 表現形式과 表現時間과는 差異가 있었다. 이와같이 어린이 그림에서 畵紙의 크기에 따라 이들의 表現條件에 顯著한 差異가 있었으며 年齡에 알맞는 畵紙의 크기는 32.3×22.6cm∼26.5×19.4㎝가 適當하다고 생각되며 時間은 20∼30分이 妥當하다고 解釋 되었다. 그러므로 本 硏究에서는 畵紙의 크기와 時間이 表現意慾에 미치는 影響을 調査하였다. 그러나 材料使用 범위는 연필, 싸인펜, 그림물감등 多樣해질수도 있으나 一定畵紙 面積의 消化能力을 把握코저 同一한 材料로 제한 시켰다. 따라서 多樣한 材料使用 方法에 따른 畵紙의 表現時間을 硏究하지못한 점을 아쉽게 생각하며 이에 美術敎育에 實險的인 도움이 되는 資料가 되기를 바란다.