식이공급형태를 달리한 인삼첨가 식이가 닭의 동맥경화증 유발에 미치는 영향

Abstract

인삼은 우리나라에서는 2000여년 전 이래 영약으로 알려져 왔으며 최근에 와서는 그 약효에 대한 과학적 근거를 검토하기 위하여 많은 학자들에 의하여 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 식이 공급 형태를 달리한 인삼 첨가 식이가 체내 지방대사 특히 콜레스테롤대사에 미치는 영향과 아울러 동맥경화증 발병에 대한 효과를 검토하고저 평균 체중 352±1.9g의 Hisex 백색 산란계 숫병아리 72마리를 8마리씩 9군으로 구분하여 그 중 한 군은 표준식이로 사육하였고, 나머지 8군은 6% 지방, 2% 콜레스테롤의 첨가식이로 사육하였다. 8군을 다시 4군으로 구분하여 한군은 Nibbling(N)군, 다른 한 군은 Meal feeding(M)군으로 하고, 실험 5주째에 식이공급 형태를 바꾼 N M군 및 M N군으로 분류하였으며 각 실험군에 인삼을 투여한 바 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 혈청내 총지방함량과 총콜레스테롤함량은 표준식이군에 비하여 모든 실험군에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. 그러나 식이 공급 형태에 따른 총지방함량 및 총콜레스테롤함량은 실험 4주경까지는 큰 차이가 없었으나 실험 8주째에는 N군, M군, 실험 5주에 식이 공급 형태를 바꾼 MN과 NM군의 순서로 증가하는 경향이었다. 이때 인삼의 투여는 큰 효과가 없었다. 2) 혈청내 인지질함량은 모든 실험군에서 실험 초기에는 증가하는 경향이었으나 후반기에 가면서 감소하는 경향이었다. 3) 간장 및 췌장의 무게는 각 실험군에서 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 4) 대동맥궁 조직의 조직학적 변화는 표준식이군에 비하여 모든 실험군에서 병변의 관찰빈도가 컸으며, 식이 공급 동맥경화성 형태에 의한 차이는 N군, NG군, M군, NM군, MG군, MNG군, NMG군의 순서로 관찰빈도 및 정도가 심하였다.;The purpose of this study was to investigate the dual effects of feeding pattern of the experimental diet composed of 6% lipid and 2% cholesterol and Ginseng supplementation on the blood lipid level and atherosclerosis in chickens. 72 Hisex Layer male chickens, weighing 352±1.9g were divided into 9 groups, one group as a standard group, other 8 groups as experimental groups fed with 6% lipid, 2% cholesterol diet. The 4 groups out of 8 experimental groups were fed with 6% lipid, 2% cholesterol diet and treated into 4 different feeding patterns; Nibbling(N) and Meal feeding(M) for 8 weeks, Nibbling for the first 4 weeks switched into Meal feeding for the last 4 weeks (NM), and Meal feeding for the first 4 weeks switched into Nibbling for the last 4 weeks(MN). Other 4 groups were treated into 4 different ways as mentioned above and fed with Ginseng supplemented diet. Blood was collected four times to examine the change of blood lipid composition at initial, 2nd weeks, 4th weeks, and 8th weeks for analysis of serum total lipid, cholesterol. (C), cholesterol ester (CE), Phospholipid (PL) contents. And C/PL ratio and C/E ratio were also calculated. After sacrificing the chickens, the weight of liver and pancreas were measured. And aorta was sampled to investigate to histological observation. The results of this study were summerized as following. 1) Serum total lipid, total cholesterol, cholesterol ester contents were high in experimental groups compared with standard group. At 2nd and 4th weeks of experiment, there was no significant difference of serum total lipid, total cholesterol, and cholesterol ester contents due to feeding pattern. But at 8th weeks of experiment, there was a tendency to be increased in serum total lipid, total cholesterol, and cholesterol ester level of Meal feeding group compared to Nibbling group. It was note worthy that NM group and MN group showed higher in blood lipid level compared with that of M group and N group. In this condition, Ginseng supplementation did not show the change of various blood lipid composition observed comparing to Ginseng unsupplementation groups. 2) Serum phospholipid level was increased at the early weeks of experiment and subsequently decreased. But there were not any consistent tendendy in the time and amount of blood phopholipid decreased. 3) The weight of liver and pancreas did not show statistically significant difference in all experimental groups. 4) In the histological change of aorta, the occurrence frequency of vascular lesion was higher in all experimental groups than standard group. And by turns of N group, NG group, M group, NM group, MG group, MNG group, and NMG group, the occurence frequency and severity get to be high.