A cross-sectional study on national cancer screening participation among people with physical disabilities: focus on health screening experience and perceptions

Abstract

Background A substantial disparity exists in cancer screening rates between individuals with and without physical disabilities, and there is a lack of information on the perceptions and experiences of cancer screening among individuals with disabilities and the factors influencing their participation. Methods In this cross-sectional descriptive study, data were collected from 167 individuals with physical disabilities in Korea, using a questionnaire survey. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, chi-squared tests, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results The participation rate of individuals with physical disabilities in the national cancer screening program over the past 2 years was 55.1%. Perceived benefits of cancer screening were positive, whereas perceived barriers were lower than moderate. Self-efficacy regarding cancer screening was slightly above moderate. Individuals with prior health screening experience showed a significantly higher tendency to participate. Previous experience with health screening also led to differences in perceptions of cancer screening. Health screening experience and perceived benefits of cancer screening significantly influenced participation in national cancer screening. Conclusions To increase cancer screening participation among individuals with physical disabilities, it is crucial to not only reduce barriers to cancer screening but also enhance perceptions of its importance and benefits. © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Faculty of Public Health.