A meta-analysis of the event-related potential during auditory processing in infants with familial risk for dyslexia and its correlation to language abilities [난독증 가족력이 있는 영유아의 청각적 정보 처리 시 나타난 사건관련전위에 대한 메타분석 및 이후 언어능력과의 상관 연구]

Abstract

Objectives: Developmental dyslexia is a disorder in which children with normal sensory and cognitive abilities fail to acquire reading and writing skills despite conventional education. Related literature has reported that phonological processing deficits underlie reading and writing difficulties, suggesting that basic auditory processing problems from birth could be the underlying factors of phonological impairment with an emphasis on genetic effects. The current study aimed to investigate whether the event-related potential (ERP) during auditory processing in infants less than 24 months of age with familial risk for dyslexia is significantly different from that of their controls through a meta-analysis, and explore how the ERP correlates to later language abilities. Methods: Database searching identified twelve studies which met the criteria. Effect size (Hedges' g) was calculated using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA). Significant correlation coefficients were reported based on 5 studies analyzing correlation between the ERP and several measurements of later language abilities. Results: The results demonstrated medium to large effect size of the differences in the mean amplitude of ERP, indicating that the ERP is a sensitive measure to distinguish the at-risk group from the control group. The analysis of correlation between the ERP and later language abilities revealed that reading fluency, reading speed, and phonological awareness have relatively strong correlations with the ERP. Conclusion: The current study showed significant differences in the ERP during auditory processing between infants with and without familial risk for dyslexia, suggesting that ERP could be an early electrophysiological marker for developmental dyslexia. © 2019 Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology.