Hierarchical Cluster Analysis에 依한 우리나라의 氣候區分

Abstract

氣候區分은 適用對象에 따라 여러가지 方法이 있으나 무엇보다 우리에게 要求되어지는 것은 主觀的 判斷을 避한, 氣候資料에만 依存하는 合理的 方法인 것이다. 本 論文은, 氣候資料의 計量的 分析을 行하여, 우리나라 氣候의 特性을 決定짓는 主要 氣候要素를 찾아낸 後, 그 結果에 依한 類似地域끼리의 結合을 通하여 氣候區分을 行하는데 그 目的을 둔다. 硏究地域은 韓半島 全體를 包含하는 145個 地點의 觀測地를 土臺로, 中央對象臺의 資料를 基礎로 하여, 文獻硏究와 資料의 統計分沂 및 地圖化를 行하였다. 硏究結果, 우리나라 氣候의 特性을 決定짓는 要因은 年較差(T_(R) ) , 1月 平均氣溫(T_(1)), 1月 最低平均氣溫(T_(1 MIN) ), 1月 最高平均氣溫(T_(1MAX)등이 그 첫째로서 全體의 46.4 %를 차지하며, 要因 Ⅱ는 14.6%로 1月 平均降雨日(P_(0·1) ) , 降雨日率( P_(0·1 R ), 1月 平均降水量(P_(1)) , 降水率( P_(R))이, 그리고 要因 Ⅲ은 13.3 %로 7月 平均降水量(P_(7)) , 年平均降水量( P_(A) ) , 7月 平均氣溫( T_(7)) 7月 平均最低氣溫( T_(7MIN) ) 등이다. 또한 要因分析의 結果로 作成된 linkage tree에 依해 行한 氣候區分으로, 우리나라를 10 個地域, 18 個地域, 24 個地域으로 分類하였다. 이에 18 個 氣候地域으로서 우리나라의 氣候區를 分析·說明하였는데, 그 區分基準이 要因分析에서 行해진 바와같이 年較差 및 1月氣溫 등에 크게 영향받고 있으며, 그 外에 우리나라 氣候區 設定에 영향을 미치는 因子로서 東韓暖流, 季節風, 沿岸流, 地形性 降雨 등이 그 主流를 이루고 있다.;There are several methods in climate classifications. But, what is more important than anything else in climate classification is using the rational method which only depends on climate data rather than subjective judgement. The purpose of this thesis are finding the main climate factors which characterize the climate of our country via quantitative analysis and earring out the climate classification by connecting similar regions using the obtained data. Paper surveys, statistical analysis and mapping that based on the data of CMO which include 145 stations in our country are used. The results show that factor Ⅰ which characterizes the our climate by factor of 46.4% represents temperature range (T_(R)), average daily mean temperature: January (T_(1)), average daily minimum temperature: January (T_(1MAX) ) and average daily maximum temperature: January (T_(1MIM). And factor Ⅱ representing average number of raindays: January (P_(10.1)), rainday ratio (P_(0.1R)), average precipitation: January (p_(1)) and precipitation ratio (P_(R)) characterized by 14.6% and factor Ⅲ which represents average precipitation: July (p_(7)), mean annual pricipitation (P_(A)), average daily mean temperature (T_(7)) and average daily minimum temperature: July (T_(7MIN)) characterizes by 13.3% respectively. In addition, our country is classified into 10 regions, 18 regions and 24 regions using the linkage tree resulted from factor analysis. Analysis and explanations are given on 18 climate regions which are previously obtained. Classification criteria are mainly dependent on the temperature range and January temperature. As shown in factor analysis, other factors which in pact on the climate classification of our country Donghan-warm current, seasonal winds, coastal currents and geomorphological rains.