초등학교 미술감상 교육의 현황 조사연구

Abstract

Most elementary school students today will not have been creators but will have been appreciators of art for their life-long time. At this point, art education which is focusing only on decorating today must be reconsidered. To the students who will struggle in the flood of visual stuffs in 21 century, to make open the eyes for beauty must be the most important goal in the art education at elementary school. The complicated environment is enough to led people to the confusion. This environment requires people, who desire enjoying self-controled life as civilized citizens, the more ability of appreciation. Acquisition of eyes for beauty can be accomplished by art appreciation education effectively. The purposes of this thesis is to investigate the art appreciation education in the real school situation and suggest a direction where elementary art education should go through solving some problems of art education at elementary school. For those purposes, I investigated the concept of art appreciation education, the goal and curriculum of art appreciation education and some hypothesises of teaching method. Also I analyzed the 6th and 7th nationwide art education curriculum of elementary school, teacher's guide books and some works. And then, I surveyed 50 teachers and 150 6 years of elementary school at seoul. The results below are based on the question sheets that I collected, 50 from teachers and 122 from students. 1. Lack of art works for appreciation and Too small size of figure panel on books. Necessity of aids like art work-books and slides, video tapes. 2. Necessity of Particular programs for art appreciation education. Although teacher's guide-book has detailed explanations about art works, it is not enough for real art appreciation education. For effective are appreciation education, many programs which motivate students and teachers to try to follow are required. Those programs also have to include many kinds of points of view for art works and teaching. 3. Lack of teachers' understanding and knowledge for art appreciation education. Many teacher have difficulties to teach art appreciation education. This can be overcome by giving teachers many chances to be trained and by teachers' hard work and interest in art appreciation education. 4. Lack of time and chance for art appreciation education. To solve this problem, some specific efforts are needed. School authorities have to supply the students for enough spaces for art appreciation education. More visual materials like slides, movie, CDROM, internet, VTR have to be supported. Schools have to motivate the students and promote students eyes for beauty with the experience-education. But with the poor class time, to teach all over the art area seems to be impossible. Because of this, school-home co-work program is needed strongly. The most important thing for the art appreciation education is teachers' recognition about art appreciation education. According to the results of research for this thesis, it is revealed that most teachers put poor efforts to understanding nationwide curriculum for art class and to planning for art appreciation education. Today people are realizing the importance of art appreciation education and making many effort to increase class time of art appreciation education. But it is not enough because we can not say that increasing of class time of art appreciation education means increasing of art appreciation education itself. I would like to say that th real art appreciation education can be realized not by fragmentary art education but by the practical and systematical art appreciation education. It goes without saying that the most important things are teachers' interest and efforts for art appreciation education.;초등학교에서 미술교육을 받고 있는 대다수의 학생들은 창조가가 아닌 평생동안 미술을 즐기고 활용할 수 있는 미술 소비자로서 살아가게 된다. 이것을 인식한다면 만들고, 꾸미는 활동에만 중점을 두고 행해지는 미술교육에 대해 다시 한번 생각해 보게 된다. 21세기의 시각정보의 홍수 속에서 살아갈 어린이들에게 삶 속에서 미적인 것을 선택하고 즐길 수 있는 미적 안목을 길러주는 것이야말로 미술교육의 중요한 목표라 할 수 있다. 우리를 둘러싸고 있는 복잡한 시각환경은 인간의 의식과 인식작용을 혼란으로 몰아넣는데 충분하며 이런 환경 속에서 주체적인 사고와 올바른 인식을 가진 문화인으로 살아가기 위해서는 '보는'능력이 절실히 필요하다. 이러한 미적 안목의 육성은 미술감상 교육을 통해서 효과적으로 길러질 수 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 의의를 가지는 미술감상 교육이 실제 초등학교 교육 현장에서는 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지에 대한 현황을 조사하고 이를 바탕으로 초등학교 감상교육의 문제점을 파악하여 감상교육이 나아가야 할 바람직한 방향을 모색하는데 기초가 되고자 하는 목적을 가지고 있다. 이를 위하여 먼저 감상교육의 개념과 중요성, 감상교육의 목표와 내용, 지도방법에 관한 이론을 문헌 연구를 통하여 고찰하고 6.7차 초등학교 미술과 교육과정의 감상영역과 교사용지도서 및 교과서의 감상작품을 분석하였다. 그리고 서울시내 초등학교 교사 50명과 6학년 아동 150명을 대상으로 초등학교 미술감상교육의 실태를 파악하기 위한 설문 조사를 실시하여 이중 회수된 교사용 설문지 50부와 아동용 설문지 122부를 대상으로 감상교육의 실태를 분석하였다. 이를 근거로 하여 현재 초등학교 감상교육이 가지고 있는 문제점들을 알아보고 이를 극복하기 위한 앞으로의 초등학교 미술감상교육이 나아가야 할 방향에 관하여 연구하였다.