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dc.contributor.advisor정명수-
dc.contributor.author김예지-
dc.creator김예지-
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-25T16:30:08Z-
dc.date.available2021-01-25T16:30:08Z-
dc.date.issued2021-
dc.identifier.otherOAK-000000173149-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dcollection.ewha.ac.kr/common/orgView/000000173149en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/256036-
dc.description.abstractChapter 1. Extraction of Terpenes from Caraway (Carum carvi L.) with Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) Caraway (Carum carvi L.) is effective for some gastrointestinal and inflammatory disorders, and its oil contains terpenes such as carvone, limonene and carveol, which have antibacterial and antifungal properties. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) involves using water at high temperature and enough pressure. Since the dielectric constant of water decreases under these conditions, subcritical water can dissolve less-polar compound. This study evaluated the SWE of terpenes from caraway when varying extraction conditions of temperature (110°C, 130°C, 150°C, 170°C, and 190°C), time (5, 10, and 15 min), and particle size (<425, 425–850, 850–1000, and >1000 μm). The SWE was performed using an accelerated solvent extractor (ASE 350), and extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography. The optimal conditions for the extraction of carvone, limonene and carveol were found at 170°C for 15 min, 110°C for 10 min, and 170°C for 10 min, respectively. The yield of terpenes for particle size of <425 μm was about 5.2-fold higher than that for other size. Also, the yield of carvone, which determines the quality of caraway, was much higher when using SWE (28.5 mg/g caraway) than for solvent extraction (20.2 mg/g caraway) and hydrodistillation (19.8 mg/g caraway). Oxygenated terpene has a high solubility in subcritical water, and it is more valuable than nonoxygenated terpene. These results show that SWE could be a practical method for the effective extraction of terpenes from various natural products. Chapter 2. Extraction of Terpenes from Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) with Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) contains terpenes such as carvacrol, thymol, and linalool, which have antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiotic effects. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) can be used to extract terpenes by changing the dielectric constant of water. As the temperature of water is increased, target compound solubility, solvent diffusion rate and mass transfer increase and the dielectric constant decreases. This makes it possible to use water to selectively extract less-polar substances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the SWE of terpenes from oregano and to find the relationship between chemical structure of terpenes and extraction behaviors. The SWE was performed using an accelerated solvent extractor (ASE 350) under conditions of time (5, 10, and 15 min) and temperature (110°C, 130°C, 150°C, 170°C, 190°C, and 200°C), and extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography. The terpenes content of oregano (18.64 mg/g oregano) was maximal for extraction at 150°C for 15 min. The concentration of carvacrol was 28.81-fold higher than that of thymol, indicating that the oregano used in this study was a carvacrol chemotype. The yield of carvacrol, the major terpene in oregano, of SWE (17.86 mg/g oregano) was much higher recovery rate than that for solvent extraction (12.34 mg/g oregano) and hydrodistillation (8.53 mg/g oregano). Most of the high quality terpenes present in oregano could be recovered by SWE. The study was also identified the relationship between chemical structure of terpenes and extraction behaviors on different solvent and method.;Chapter 1. Extraction of Terpenes from Caraway (Carum carvi L.) with Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) 캐러웨이 (Carum carvi L.)는 위장과 염증 장애에 효과적이며 캐러웨이의 오일은 항세균성, 항균성 활성을 가지는 carvone, limonene, carveol과 같은 테르펜류를 포함하고 있다. 이 중 carvone은 에센셜 오일의 항미생물 활성을 강화시키는데 더욱 효과적이다. 아임계수 추출은 높은 온도와 충분한 압력에서 물을 이용한다. 이 조건에서 물의 유전상수가 감소하면서 비극성 물질을 추출하는데 용이해진다. 이 연구는 온도 (110℃, 130℃, 150℃, 170℃, 190℃) 와 시간 (5, 10, 15분), 입자 크기 (<425, 425–850, 850–1000, and >1000 μm) 조건을 다양하게 하여 캐러웨이에서 테르펜류의 아임계수 추출을 평가하고자 시행되었다. 아임계수 추출은 accelerated solvent extractor (ASE 350)를 이용하여 수행되었고 추출물은 가스 크로마토그래피로 분석되었다. Carvone, limonene, carveol의 최적 추출 조건은 각각 170℃/15 min, 110℃/10 min, 170℃/10 min 이었다. 또한, 425 μm 이하의 입자 크기에서 캐러웨이의 테르펜류 수율이 다른 크기의 입자보다 약 5.2배 더 높았다. 추가적으로 아임계수 추출에서 carvone의 추출량 (28.5 mg/g caraway)은 용매추출 (20.2 mg/g caraway)이나 hydrodistillation (28.5 mg/g caraway) 보다 회수율이 더욱 높았다. 결과적으로 본 연구에서는 아임계수 추출이 다양한 자연 물질에서 테르펜류의 효율적인 추출을 위한 실용적인 방법이 될 수 있다는 것을 보였다. Chapter 2. Extraction of Terpenes from Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) with Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) 오레가노 (Origanum vulgare L.)는 항산화, 항미생물성, 항생제 효과를 보유하고 있는 carvacrol, thymol, linalool과 같은 테르펜류를 포함하고 있다. 이 중 carvacrol과 thymol이 오레가노의 주성분으로 알려져 있다. 아임계수 추출은 물의 유전상수를 변화시켜 테르펜류를 추출하는데 이용될 수 있다. 물의 온도가 증가하면 물질의 용해성, 용매의 확산 속도, 물질 이동은 증가하고 유전상수는 감소하게 된다. 이것은 물이 저극성 물질을 선택적으로 추출할 수 있도록 한다. 본 연구의 목표는 아임계수 추출을 이용하여 오레가노에서 테르펜류를 추출하는 것을 평가하고 테르펜류의 화학적 구조와 추출 경향의 관계를 확인하고자 하였다. 아임계수 추출은 accelerated solvent extractor (ASE 350)를 이용하여 5, 10, 15분과 110℃, 130℃, 150℃, 170℃, 190℃, 200℃ 에서 수행되었고 추출물은 가스 크로마토그래피로 분석되었다. 오레가노의 테르펜류 함량 (18.64 mg/g oregano)은 150℃, 15분 조건에서 가장 높았다. Carvacrol의 함량은 thymol보다 28.81배 더 높았으므로 본 연구에 사용된 오레가노가 carvacrol chemotype인 것을 알 수 있다. 오레가노의 주성분인 carvacrol의 함량 (17.86 mg/g oregano)은 용매 추출 (12.34 mg/g oregano)과 hydrodistillation (8.53 mg/g oregano)보다 회수율이 더 높았다. 따라서 오레가노의 테르펜류가 아임계수 추출에 의해 높은 비율로 회수될 수 있다는 것을 보였다. 또한, 다양한 용매와 방법을 이용하여 테르펜류의 화학적 구조와 추출 경향의 관계를 확인했다.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsChapter 1. Extraction of Terpenes from Caraway (Carum carvi L.) with Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) 1 Abstract 1 I. Introduction 3 A. Caraway (Carum carvi L.) 3 B. Terpenes 4 1. Characteristics of terpenes 4 2. Terpenes of caraway 6 C. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) 10 D. Objective of this study 13 II. Materials and methods 14 A. Sample preparation and chemicals 14 B. Subcritical water extraction 15 C. Solvent extraction 17 D. Hydrodistillation 18 E. GC analysis 19 F. GC-MS analysis 20 G. Data analysis 21 III. Results and Discussion 22 A. GC analysis of terpenes 22 B. Effects of extraction conditions using subcritical water 25 1. Effects of time and temperature 25 2. Effects of particle size 31 C. Effects of conventional extraction conditions 35 1. Solvent extraction 35 2. Hydrodistillation 39 IV. Conclusion 42 References 44 국문초록 50 Chapter 2. Extraction of Terpenes from Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) with Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) 52 Abstract 52 I. Introduction 54 A. Oregano (Oiranum vulgare L.) 54 B. Terpenes of oregano 55 C. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) 58 D. Objective of this study 59 II. Materials and methods 60 A. Sample preparation and chemicals 60 B. Subcritical water extraction 61 C. Solvent extraction 62 D. Hydrodistillation 63 E. GC analysis 64 F. GC-MS analysis 65 G. Data analysis 66 III. Results and Discussion 67 A. GC analysis of terpenes 67 B. Effects of extraction conditions using subcritical water 70 C. Effects of conventional extraction conditions 74 1. Solvent extraction 74 2. Hydrodistillation 78 IV. Conclusion 81 References 83 국문초록 88-
dc.formatapplication/pdf-
dc.format.extent1296314 bytes-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisher이화여자대학교 대학원-
dc.subject.ddc600-
dc.titleTerpenes Extraction from Caraway (Carum carvi L.) and Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) with Subcritical Water Extraction-
dc.typeMaster's Thesis-
dc.format.pageviii, 89 p.-
dc.identifier.thesisdegreeMaster-
dc.identifier.major대학원 식품공학과-
dc.date.awarded2021. 2-
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