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Elimination of microcystin-LR and residual Mn species using permanganate and powdered activated carbon: Oxidation products and pathways
- Title
- Elimination of microcystin-LR and residual Mn species using permanganate and powdered activated carbon: Oxidation products and pathways
- Authors
- Jeong, Boyoung; Oh, Min-Seok; Park, Hyun-Mee; Park, Chanhyuk; Kim, Eun-Ju; Hong, Seok Won
- Ewha Authors
- 박찬혁
- SCOPUS Author ID
- 박찬혁
- Issue Date
- 2017
- Journal Title
- WATER RESEARCH
- ISSN
- 0043-1354
- Citation
- WATER RESEARCH vol. 114, pp. 189 - 199
- Keywords
- Microcystin-LR; Potassium permanganate; Natural organic matter; Powdered activated carbon; Oxidation by-product; Oxidation pathway
- Publisher
- PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
- Indexed
- SCIE; SCOPUS
- Document Type
- Article
- Abstract
- The oxidation of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in deionized water (DI) and river water using potassium permanganate (KMnO4) at a neutral pH and at 23 +/- 2 degrees C was investigated. These two aqueous systems (i.e., DI and river water) gave comparable second-order rate constants (289.9 and 285.5 M(-)1s(-)1 (r(2) > 0.99), respectively), which confirmed the effectiveness of this oxidation process for the treatment of natural surface water. The presence of either humic or fulvic acid reduced the removal efficiency of MC-LR, with the latter exhibiting a greater inhibitory effect. Monitoring of MC-LR and residual Mn2+ levels with adding KMnO4 (1 mg/L) and powdered activated carbon (PAC, 5-20 mg L-1) before and during coagulation, respectively, revealed that 60 min of permanganate pre-oxidation followed by coagulant addition with PAC was the most effective approach for reducing both levels below limits stated by WHO guidelines. The MC-LR degradation products were the result of oxidation occurring at the diene and aromatic moieties of the Adda (3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4,6-dienoic acid) side-chain, in addition to amine bond hydrolysis of the Mdha (N-methyldehydroalanine) moiety. Several toxic by-products with an intact Adda chain were observed during the reaction, but completely disappeared after 60 min. This further supports the conclusion that sufficient contact time with permanganate (i.e., >60 min) is essential to reducing the residual toxicity and maximizing the efficiency of MC-LR oxidation when treating raw water. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.043
- Appears in Collections:
- 공과대학 > 환경공학과 > Journal papers
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