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Regioselectivity and the nature of the reaction mechanism in nucleophilic substitution reactions of 2,4-dinitrophenyl X-substituted benzenesulfonates with primary amines
- Title
- Regioselectivity and the nature of the reaction mechanism in nucleophilic substitution reactions of 2,4-dinitrophenyl X-substituted benzenesulfonates with primary amines
- Authors
- Um I.-H.; Hong J.-Y.; Kim J.-J.; Chae O.-M.; Bae S.-K.
- Ewha Authors
- 엄익환
- SCOPUS Author ID
- 엄익환
- Issue Date
- 2003
- Journal Title
- Journal of Organic Chemistry
- ISSN
- 0022-3263
- Citation
- Journal of Organic Chemistry vol. 68, no. 13, pp. 5180 - 5185
- Indexed
- SCI; SCIE; SCOPUS
- Document Type
- Article
- Abstract
- Second-order rate constants have been measured for the reaction of 2,4-dinitrophenyl X-substituted benzenesulfonates with a series of primary amines. The nucleophilic substitution reaction proceeds through competitive S-O and C-O bond fission pathways. The S-O bond fission occurs dominantly for reactions with highly basic amines or with substrates having a strong electron-withdrawing group in the sulfonyl moiety. On the other hand, the C-O bond fission occurs considerably for the reactions with low basic amines or with substrates having a strong electron-donating group in the sulfonyl moiety, emphasizing that the regioselectivity is governed by both the amine basicity and the electronic effect of the sulfonyl substituent X. The apparent second-order rate constants for the S-O bond fission have resulted in a nonlinear Brønsted-type plot for the reaction of 2,4-dinitrophenyl benzenesulfonate with 10 different primary amines, suggesting that a change in the rate-determining step occurs upon changing the amine basicity. The microscopic rate constants (k1 and k2/k-1 ratio) associated with the S-O bond fission pathway support the proposed mechanism. The second-order rate constants for the S-O bond fission result in good linear Yukawa-Tsuno plots for the aminolyses of 2,4-dinitrophenyl X-substituted benzenesulfonates. However, the second-order rate constants for the C-O bond fission show no correlation with the electronic nature of the sulfonyl substituent X, indicating that the C-O bond fission proceeds through an SNAR mechanism in which the leaving group departure occurs rapidly after the rate-determining step.
- DOI
- 10.1021/jo034190i
- Appears in Collections:
- 자연과학대학 > 화학·나노과학전공 > Journal papers
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