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Ethyl pyruvate inhibits HMGB1 phosphorylation and release by chelating calcium
- Title
- Ethyl pyruvate inhibits HMGB1 phosphorylation and release by chelating calcium
- Authors
- Shin J.-H.; Kim I.-D.; Kim S.-W.; Lee H.-K.; Jin Y.; Park J.-H.; Kim T.-K.; Suh C.-K.; Kwak J.; Lee K.-H.; Han P.-L.; Lee J.-K.
- Ewha Authors
- 한평림
- SCOPUS Author ID
- 한평림
- Issue Date
- 2014
- Journal Title
- Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)
- ISSN
- 1528-3658
- Citation
- Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) vol. 20, pp. 649 - 657
- Indexed
- SCI; SCIE; SCOPUS
- Document Type
- Article
- Abstract
- Ethyl pyruvate (EP), a simple aliphatic ester of pyruvic acid, has been shown to have antiinflammatory effects and to confer protective effects in various pathological conditions. Recently, a number of studies have reported EP inhibits high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) secretion and suggest this might contribute to its antiinflammatory effect. Since EP is used in a calcium-containing balanced salt solution (Ringer solution), we wondered if EP directly chelates Ca(2+) and if it is related to the EP-mediated suppression of HMGB1 release. Calcium imaging assays revealed that EP significantly and dose-dependently suppressed high K(+)-induced transient [Ca(2+)]i surges in primary cortical neurons and, similarly, fluorometric assays showed that EP directly scavenges Ca(2+) as the peak of fluorescence emission intensities of Mag-Fura-2 (a low-affinity Ca(2+) indicator) was shifted in the presence of EP at concentrations of ≥7 mmol/L. Furthermore, EP markedly suppressed the A23187-induced intracellular Ca(2+) surge in BV2 cells and, under this condition, A23187-induced activations of Ca(2+)-mediated kinases (protein kinase Cα and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV), HMGB1 phosphorylation and subsequent secretion of HMGB1 also were suppressed. (A23187 is a calcium ionophore and BV2 cells are a microglia cell line.) Moreover, the above-mentioned EP-mediated effects were obtained independent of cell death or survival, which suggests that they are direct effects of EP. Together, these results indicate that EP directly chelates Ca(2+), and that it is, at least in part, responsible for the suppression of HMGB1 release by EP.
- DOI
- 10.2119/molmed.2014.00039
- Appears in Collections:
- 일반대학원 > 뇌·인지과학과 > Journal papers
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