專修學校의 運營實態와 卒業生의 社會·經濟的 處遇에 關한 硏究

Abstract

The objectives of the study : The difficulties faced by the Miscellaneus schools are analysed to front out the way for the improvement in producing skilled man-power of the young women and in the management of the miscellaneus schools. These are the status of education, the present conditions of curriculum, the states of the teaching staffs and the students, and the employment of the graduates of the school. In addition the socio-economic status of the graduate was studied to provide the materials for career guidance of the graduates. To do these the following should be answered, 1. Analysis of the actual condition about management of the Girls' commercial Chun-soo school. 1) What are the obstructs to the schools in the law of education? 2) What's the structure of curriculum, course of the study? 3) What's the difference in the curricula between the Chun-Soo school and the Girls' Commercial High schools? 4) The present conditions of the facilities for the practical class. 5) The present states of the teaching staffs and the students of the schools. 6) The statistics of employment and further education for the graduates of the school. 2. Socio-economic status of the Chun-soo schools graduates. 1) What do the graduates think of the socio-economic status for themselves? 2) What do the employers think of the employees from ChunSoo schools? In the study the literature survey method and the questionnaire method were used. For the literature survey, reports on the Chun-Soo school, the law of education, yearbook on educational the statistics were analysed, and the answers for the questionnare from 268 Miscellaneus school graduates and 49 employers of the graduates were analysed. From the studies followings were found; 1. The present conditions of the schools management. 1) There are no separate regulation for the schools in the law of education and in the enforcement ordinance on education. According to the regulations the schools are classified as a high school equivalant. Accordingly the course of a school is the same as that of a high school for ample school year (3 years) and school days (more than 230 days), Most of the Chun-Soo schools have classes in night and day. 2) The students at commercial school of general. subject commerce study 38 units more than those at a Miscellaneus school, whilst the latter study 12 units more of professional subject than the former. 3) The students of the Miiscellaneus school increased rapidly every year as follows ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) 4) At present there are 29 Chun-Soo schools in Seoul area Amongtsem. The same qualification as a high school graduate is given to the gratuatos of only 11 of them (38%). The schools with student more than 1,000 belong to this category which has a stable management. The others are much smaller schools with students between 500 and 1,000. 5) Though number of the teaching staffs of the school increased with the increase of the number of the students. It is under the quoto. The followings are the quoto and the actual numbers of the teaching staff of the Chun-Soo schocls in Seoul area : ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) 6) The ratio of the non-qualified teaching staffs to the total decreased from 9.27% in 1972 to 8.19% in 1976. 7) The statistical analysis of the graduates career of the school showed that 60.14% have been employed and 4.23% continued their students at a higher level. Out of 2.158 employed in 1976, 24.55% started their career in the service industry and 21.58% in the manufacturing industry. 2. Analysis of what the graduates and their employer think of the socio-economic trectment for the school graduates. -The graduate - 1) 32% of the graduates replied to be satisfied with the graduation from a Chun-Soo school and 20% regreted it. 2) It was revealed that 46% of the public don't pay any attention to the graduates, and 24% ignore them. 3) To the questionaire their course at the school is helpful to their chance of marriage, 44% of the answer were positive, and 24% were negative. 4) Most of the graduates (95%) answered special curricula for girls are needed at the school. 5) A large proportion of the graduates (about 73%) answered the course at the school is helpful in the dailylife. 6) The course at a Miscellaneous school was regarded to be helpful for the graduates at work by 88% of the graduates. 7) The abacus calculation (40%) was found to be most helpful practical class at a Miscellaneus school, followed by pen-writting (19%), bookkeeping (18%) and Typewriting (17%). 8) The completion of the course at a Misc. School was answered not to be helpful or to be disadventages to get a job by 85% of the graduates. 9) A economic help was the by test motive to get a job for the Misc. school graduates followed by the realisation of their abilities. 10) It was found that a large number of the Misc. School graduates are disifactory with the conditions at their works. 11) About half (51%) of the graduates at work answered they are discriminated in one way or other. 12) The largest number of the graduates answered to be discriminated in employment (60%) followed by in promotion (17%) and in the social life (15%). 13) The present average wage for a Misc. school graduate was found to be W30,000 for a month. 14) The graduates want a wage of W50,000 for a month. - Employer - 15) Most the studied companies (80%) do not employ the graduates. 16) The main reason for the companies to employ the graduates was found to be by chance (35%). Nexts to this were the recomendation by an acquaintance (27%) and by the school (16). 17) It was found that the employers think there are no significant differences to the abilities between the graduates of a Misc. School and a regular high school of commerce. 18) The main reason (85%) why the companies don't employ the Misc, school graduates was found that they don't know about Miscellaneous school.;本 硏究의 目的은 두가지로 나누어 볼 수 있는데, 그 하나는 專修學校의 法的 基礎, 敎育施設, 敎育課程, 運營現況, 敎職員 및 學生의 實態 卒業生의 就業生의 就美現況 等을 綜合的으로 分析하여 그 問題點을 珍斷하므로써 앞으로의 熟練된 女性人力開發에 對處한 專修學校 運營의 質的 改善을 圖謀하는 方案을 模索하자는데 있고, 다른 하나는 女子商業專修學校의 卒業生의 社會·經濟的 處遇 實態를 調査하므로써 앞으로의 女子商業專修學校의 就業 및 進路 指導를 위한 基礎資料를 提供하자는데 있다. 따라서 이러한 硏究目的을 發成하기 위해 糾明되어질 硏究問題를 提示하면 다음과 같다. 1. 商業專修學校의 敎育運營의 實態를 分析하는 일. 1) 敎育法上에 商業專修學校의 正常化를 沮害하고 있는 要素는 무엇인가? 2) 商業專修學校의 敎育課程 全體構造는 어떻게 構成되어 있는가? 3) 商業高等學校의 敎科編成構造와 商業專修學校의 敎科編成構造와는 어떠한 差異가 있는가? 4) 商業專修學校의 技能敎育을 위한 施設現況은 어떠한가? 5) 商業專修學校의 敎職員 및 學生實態 現況은 어떠한가? 6) 商業專修學校 卒業生의 進學 및 就業實態는 어떠한가? 2. 女子商業專修學校 卒業生의 社會·經濟的 處遇實態를 調査하는 일 1) 現在 商業專修學校 卒業生 自身의 社會·經濟的 處遇에 대한 認識은 어떠한가? 2) 現在 各 企業體 雇傭主들이 商業專修學校 卒業生에 대한 認識은 어떠한가? 本 硏究의 方法으로 文獻分析法과 質問紙 調査法이 使用되었다. 文獻分析法에서는 專修學校에 關한 硏究報告書, 敎育法, 敎育統計年報等이 分析의 主要 對象이었으며, 質問紙 調査法에서는 商業專修學校 卒業生의 社會·經濟的 處遇에 對한 實態를 調査하기 위해서 서울市內 女子商業專修學校 卒業生 368名과 이들이 所屬한 企業體의 雇傭主 49名을 優先的으로 選定하여 質問紙를 配布하여 資料를 蒐集하였으며 蒐集된 資料는 問項別로 百分率로 計算하였다. 그러면 本 硏究를 通해서 나타난 結果를 살펴보기로 하겠다. A. 商業專修學校 運營實態 分析結果 1. 現行 敎育法 및 敎育法施行令에 나타난 바에 따르면 專修學校에 關한 別途의 規定이 마련되어 있지 못하며, 高等學校에 準하는 各種學校의 테두리 속에 놓여 있다. 따라서 專修學校의 授業運營에 關한 事項 中 授業年限(3年), 授業日數(230日以上) 等은 高等學校와 마찬가지였으며, 特히 授業方法의 境遇 大部分의 專修學校가 晝間授業과 夜間授業을 同時에 倂行하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 敎科編成構造를 商業專修學校와 專修學校의 履修單位別로 分析하여 본 結果 普通敎科目은 女子商業高等學校가 女子商業專修學校보다 38單位 더 많이 履修하며 專門敎科目을 女子商業專修學校가 女子商業高等學校보다 12單位 더 많이 履修하는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 專修學校의 學生數 增加는 해마다 急增하는 것으로 나타났다. 卽 1970年度 專修學校의 學生數는 12,951名이던 것이 1975年에는 62,485名, 1976年에는 69,322名으로 急激하게 增加하였으며, 이는 1970年度를 基準으로 삼았을 때 1975年度에는 482,29%, 1976年에는 535.06%의 增加率을 보였다. 4. 現在 서울市內 專修學校 數는 總 29個校에 이르고 있으며, 이 中에서 學歷認定 學校數는 全體의 約 38%에 該當하는 11個校뿐인 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 學歷認定 專修學校는 거의 다 1,000名 以上의 學生數를 確保하여 比較的 安定된 基盤을 構築하고 있는 反面에 非學歷認可 專修學校의 學生數는 500名에서 비롯하여 대개 1,000名이 훨씬 未達한 것으로 나타났다. 5. 專修學校의 學生數 增加에 따라 해마다 敎員數 亦是 增加하고 있지만 定足 敎員數에 未達하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 卽 現在 專修學校의 校長 數는 定員 385名에 6.44%가 不足한 361名이며 校監 數는 定員 296名보다 15.59%가 不足한 249名이고 敎師數는 定員 8,727名보다 8.46%가 不足한 7,988名으로 나타났다. 6. 現在 專修學校의 無資格 敎師數는 1972年度에는 9.27%이던 것이 1976年에는 8.19%로 減少하였다. 7. 1976年度 現在 全國女子專修學校의 卒業生 中 就業者는 60.14%인 것으로 나타났으며 進學者 數는 4.23%인 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 1976年度 女子商業專修學校 卒業生의 職種別 就業率을 보면 서비스業이 全體(2,158)의 24.55%로써 가장 많고 그 다음이 製造業으로 나타났다. B. 卒業生 및 雇傭主의 社會·經濟的 處遇에 대한 認識度 調査結果 〈卒業生〉 1. 商業專修學校 卒業生 中 約 32%는 商業專修學校 卒業에 대해 滿足하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 約 20%는 後悔하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 商業專修學校 卒業生에 대한 他人의 認識傾向을 調査한 結果 "別 關心을 가지지 않는다"가 全體의 約 46%로써 가장 높았고 "無視한다"가 그 다음으로 약 24%로 나타났다. 3. 商業專修學校의 卒業이 結婚에 도움이 될 것이라고 反應한 卒業生은 全體의 約 44%로 나타났다. 4. 商業專修學校 卒業生의 大多數는(約95%) 女性敎育에 대한 敎科內容이 必要하다고 反應하였다. 5. 商業專修學校 卒業生의 相當數는 (約73%) 商業專修學校의 卒業이 日常生活에 必要하다고 反應하였다. 6. 商業專修學校 卒業生의 大多數는 (約85%), 商業專修學校의 卒業이 職場生活에서 도움이 된다고 反應하였다. 7. 그리고 職場生活에서 가장 큰 도움이 된 實技科目은 珠算科目(約40%)이고, 그 다음은 書藝(約19%/), 簿記(18%), 打字(17%) 等의 順序로 나타났다. 8. 商業專修學校 卒業生의 대다수는 (約8.5%), 商業專修學校 卒業이 就業에 도움이 되지 않거나 不利하다 라고 反應하였다. 9. 就業을 하게 된 主要動機로는 "經濟的 보탬때문"이 約 52%로 가장 높고, 그 다음이 "自己能力의 發揮(32%)"로 나타났다. 10. 商業專修學校 卒業生의 相當數는 職場生活에 滿足하고 있지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 11. 商業專修學校 卒業生의 約 切半(51%) 程度가 職場에서 差別待遇를 받는다라고 反應하였다. 12. 差別待遇를 하는 對象으로는 "採用問題"가 約 60%로 가장 높고 그 다음이 "昇進問題(17%)", "對人關係 問題(15%) 等으로 나타났다. 13. 現在 商業專修學校 卒業生이 받고 있는 報酬는 月3만원인 것으로 나타났다. 14. 現在 卒業生이 원하는 報酬는 月5~6萬원인 것으로 나타났다. 〈雇傭主〉 15. 現在 各 企業體의 大部分은 正規學校 出身의 事務員을 採用하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.(約 80%) 16. 雇傭主들이 專修學校 卒業生을 採用하게 된 動機는 "우연히"가 約 35%로 가장 높고, 그 다음에 "親知의 勸誘(27%)", 學校의 推薦(16%)" 等의 順序로 나타났다. 17. 規在 雇傭主들이 知覺하는 商業專修學校 卒業生과 正規高等學校 卒業生 間의 能力은 서로 비슷한 것으로 보고 있었다.(約65%) 18. 專修學校 卒業生을 적게 採用하고 있는 主要 理由는 商業專修學校 自體에 대해 잘 모르기 때문 (約51%)인 것으로 나타났다.