韓國家庭의 父母-子女間의 同一化

Abstract

問題 本 硏究는 韓國의 中流階層 家庭을 中心으로 父母-子女間의 同一化分析을 통해 韓國人의 性格및 韓國家庭의 心理的 特徵을 理解 하는데 그 目的이 있다. 따라서 本 硏究에서는 다음과 같은 問題를 設定하여 밝히고자 한다. 1. 家庭의 心理的 環境(父母變因에 의한)에 따른 自我同一性(子女의 同一化 內容)의 差異를 究明 2. 家族의 心理(父母變因에 의한)와 自我同一性(子女의 同一化 內容)의 關係를 究明 方法 및 節次 道具 家庭環境 診斷尺度(金在恩, 1974) 自我同一性 檢査(M. Howard Dignan, 1965) 對象 無選標集 方法에 의해 19歲~22歲의 大學校 1, 2, 3, 4學年(男子;94名, 女子;120名) 214名을 對象으로 하였다. 節次 評定者로 하여금 選定된 對象學生에게 一次的으로 家庭環境 診斷尺度를, 二次的으로 自我同一性 檢査를 실시케 하여 회수하였다. 資料處理 및 分析 家庭環境 診斷尺度에 따른 24개 集團性格類型에 따라 自我同一性의 7개次元의 點數에 의한 平均値와 標準偏差値를 男女別로 산출하여 그 結果를 CR혹은T 檢證하여 差의 意義度를 보았으며, 또한 家庭環境 診斷尺度에 의한 8개 領域과 自我同一性 7개 次元과의 相關係數를 男女別로 산출하여 비교 하였다. 結果 및 解釋 1. 家庭의 心理的 環境에 따른 自栽同一性의 差異를 檢證해 본 結果, 父母의 民主的 指導나 家庭의 和睦, 夫婦間의 調和에 의한 領域에서 다른 領域에 비해, 더욱 뚜렷한 自我同一性 형성에의 差異를 보였다. 男女別로는 父母의 民主的 指導에 따른 自我同一性 형성에서는 女子보다 男子가 더 意味있는 差를 보였으며 家庭의 和睦에서는 男女간의 意味있는 差가 나타나지 않았고, 夫婦間의 調和에 따라서는 男子보다 女子가 더 뚜렷한 差를 나타내었다. 그러므로, 家庭의 다른 心理的 環境보다는 父母의 民主的 態度나, 가정의 화목, 夫婦間의 調和에 의한 領域에서 子女는 父母와 더욱 意味있게 同一化 한다고 할 수 있겠다. 2. 家族의 心理와 自我同一性과의 相關關係를 내어 본 結果 다른 領域에 비해, 父母의 民主的 指導라든가, 父母의 許容的 態度, 父母와 子女의 親密度와는 子女의 自我同一性 형성에 있어 더욱 有意한 相關關係가 나타났다. 즉 父母의 態度가 民主的 일수록 子女의 自我同一性은 높게 형성되나 女子의 目標志向性은, 父母의 態度가 專制的 일수록 높게 형성되어 男子와는 相反된다. 父母의 許容的 態度 領域에서는 女子의 自我感 次元을 제외하면 父母의 態度가 嚴格할 수록 더 높은 自我同一性을 형성하게 된다. 父母와 子女의 親密度에서는 父母-子女間에 親密 할 수록 男子에 비해 女子가 더욱 높은 自我同一性을 形成하고 있음이 나타났다. 그러므로 父母의 民主的 指導나 許容的 態度, 子女와의 親密度의 領域에서 父母-子女間에 더욱 有義한 同一性 相關이 일어나고 있음을 알 수 있다.;PROBLEMS This study aims at understanding the characters of Korean peeple and psychological characterristies of Korean home through the analysis of identification between parents and children, centering at the middle-class homes. The problem to investigate in this study are as follows : 1. Difference of ego-identity(contents of children's identification) according to the home psychological environment (according to the variables of parents) 2. Relationship between home psychology(according to the variables of parents) and ego-identity(contents of children's identification) THE METHOD OF STUDY AID I TS E OCEDURE Instrumant : Diagnosis Scale of Home Envirenment(J.U.Kim, 1974) Ego Identity Scale(M.Howard Digman. 1965) Object; According to the random sampling method, University-19 years to 22 years, freshmen, sophomore, junior,and senior students, in all 214 persons were observed.(M ; 94 persons, F ; 120 persons) Procedure; To let students selected enforce the Diagnos Scale of Home Environment in the first demention, let them enforce the Ego Identity Scale in the second dimension, and collected the materials. Material handling and analysis; According to the 24 group character types due to Diagnosis Scale of Home Environment, calculated the stand ard deviafions and means regarding of sex, in accordance with the points of the 7th dimension of ego-identity. It investigated the results by CR or T, and noticed the meaning degree of difference, and calculated the coefficient of correlation between 8 areas and 7 dimensions of ego identity according to Diagnosis scale of Home Environment, and it was compared. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS 1. Since It tested the difference of ego-identity according to psychological environment of home, democratic leadership(guide) of parents, harmony of home, concord of couple, responded more positive to difference in forming more clear ego-identity, compared to oter area. Regard of sex, in forming the ego-identity according to the guide of parental democratic guide, male responded more positive meaning, and in the harmony of home. there was no differenced in response among sex, and in the concord of couples, females responded more positively to difference than males So we can say that parental democratic(leadership) attitude or intimate feeling between parents and children, area by concord of couple, rathar than different psychological environment of home, children is identified more meaningfully with parents. 2. Since It examined the correlations between family psychology and ego-identity, compared to other area, parental democratic guide, permissive attitude of parents, friendly degree between parents and children, appeared more profitable corrlations in forming the ego-identity of children. That is, the more the attitude of parents become democratic though the ego-identity of children is late forming, but when the attitude of parents becomes more autocratic,the object-aiming nature of children(fermale) is formmd highly and is contrary to male. In the area of permissive attitude of parents. except for the dimension of ego-identifying feeling of female, the more strict the attitude of parents becomes, higher ego-identity is formed. In the friendly degree between parents and children. when the relationship between parents and, children become more intimate compared to male. It is responded that the femaleforms a higher ego -identity. Therefore, demecratic guide of parents, permissive attitude, friendly degree between parents and children is appeared more profitable identifying correlations in the relationship of parents and children.