學校長의 指導性 類型에 관한 硏究

Abstract

本 硏究는 敎育現場에서 나타나는 學校長의 指導性 行動類型을 把握 해 보는데 目的이 있다. 參勤文獻과 先行硏究를 통해서 指導性 行動에 대한 理論的 背景을 살펴 보았고 背景에 따른 기존설문지(LBDQ)를 使用해서 서울시내 公, 私立 國民學校에 勤務하는 현직교사 398(100개교)을 통해서 학교장의 指導性 類型을 效率型, 人和型, 課業型, 非效率型의 4개 領域으로 分類하였다. 變因으로는 學校長이 所屬되어 있는 學校의 設立 및 學校의 規模 學校長의 年齡, 學校長의 學歷으로 하였다. 수집된 資料는 문항별 平均點을 산출하였고 統計的 檢證을 통해 5%의 水準에서 有意度를 살펴 보았다. 調査結果에 대한 分析 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 學校現場에서 나타나는 학교장의 行動次元은 人和中心的인 指導性을 발휘하는 교장보다는 課業指向的이고 效率的인 指導性 行動을 보이는 교장에 많은것으로 나타났다. 2. 學校長의 指導性 類型은 학교장 行動에 응답한 敎師들의 性別, 經歷에 따라 다르지 않았다. 3. 年齡別로 볼때 50∼60才의 교장이 人和中心的 活動을 보이고 있으며 效率型에 속하는 교장의 分布率도 높게 나타났다. 4. 學校長이 소속되어 있는 학교의 設立別 規模에서는 현저한 차이를 보이고 있는데 私立學校長이 公立學校長보다 人和中心的이고 效率的인 指導性 行動을 보이는 것으로 나타났으며 小規模 集團일수록 課業보다는 人和를 中心으로 敎育의 效能을 결정지으려는 傾向을 보이고 있다. 5. 指導性 類型과 4개 變因과의 關係는 학교의 設立別, 학교의 規模만이 有意해 볼만한 차이를 보였고 그외의 年齡이나 學歷水準에서는 비교해 볼만한 차이가 없었다. 綜合的으로 보면 初等學校의 現場에서는 敎育目標 達成의 極大化를 위해 人間關係 보다는 課業中心에 치중하는 指導性 行動으로 나타났다.;The purpose of the thesis is to find out the different types of leadership activities of principals of elementary school in the field of administration. The research involves first, an examination of various theoretical backgrounds of leadership activities by reading the related literature and researches, and secondly, to survey the different types of leadership activities actually undertaken by principals. The leadership types are efficiency, harmony with faculties, work achievement, and inefficiency. Questionnaires were went to 398 elementary school teachers in Seoul area. Other variables considered for the questionnaires are the purpose of the foundation and the size of schools and the age the educational background of principals. The questionnaires are answered by the teachers of public and private elementary schools. The collected data are divided into four types of leadership activities including the variables. All figures are in percentage. The scores are calculated by the ratio with other variables. 5% of deviation is considered for the statistic adjustment. The results of analysis of the survey are as follow; 1. In practice, the achievement is more considered as an efficient leadership activities than the harmony with faculties. 2. The decision on the types of leadership activities are not different in accordance with accordance with the responding teachers' age and sex. 3. Principals of ages between 50s and 60s placed more importance in harmony with faculties as their leadership abilities, and their efficiency in work is high among this group. 4. The purpose of the foundation and the size of schools to which the principals belong effected differently on grouping the types of leadership. The private school principals are more harmony oriented than the public school principals. And the former are more efficiency oriented types. It also shoes the tendency that the smaller the size of the group, harmony with faculties is considered more important as effective leadership activities. 5. The types of leadership activities and four variables are different according activities and four variables are different according to the purpose of the foundation of schools but not according to the age and the educational background of principals.