中學校 學生의 音樂才能과 一般敎科 成績과의 相關的 硏究

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the importance of music, which is an inevitable part in our daily lives and also a very necessary thing in the emotional development of our youths, and yet which is treated somewhat inattentively due to current educational systems giving the first consideration to examinations for entrance to colleges, by surveying the correlations between musical talent and general curricula. It was also to examine and lock for new directions for musical studies by surveying the status of musical studies of the middle school students. And finally it was to help school education to pursue a harmonious growth of humanity, deviating somewhat from a strict pursuit of knowledge and pragmatism. In order to fulfill the afore-mentioned purposes, a stand ardization test for musical talent was given to 816 students from 3 classes each of 4 middle schools located in Seoul, and their year-and scores and data were considered in order to compute the Mean and Standard Deviation. The differentials of the averages of the sub-tests were verified, their correlative degrees were studied and analyzed, and through disseminating questionnaires, their reactions were also observed. The results can be summarized as follows: First, in regard to musical talent, male students very unexpectedly scored comparatively high in rhythm, sound color, and strong-and-soft tests, while female students scored high in sound ending, high-and-low, memory of notes, selecting notes, and in summary tests. Secondly, in comparing the musical talent by school year, the musical talent developed relatively up to the 2nd grade of middle school, but it tended to drop in the 3rd year. As for the strong-and-soft test and summary tests, the 2nd graders showed higher talent than the 3rd graders, and even the 1st graders showed higher talent in strong-and-soft tests than the 3rd graders. Thirdly, in comparing the general scores of male students in musical talent tests with other subjects, national history and industrial subjects happened to not be related with music and others had relatively low relations. On the other hand, female students happened to have a certain correlation in general, but relatively low in national history, mathematics, fine arts, and home economics. Fourthly, in studying the correlations between the subject of music and other subjects in general, male and female students showed certain relative correlations. The male students showed low correlations in athletics and industrial subjects and female students in national history, home economics and house keeping, but otherwise, they showed a certain consistent correlation. Fifthly, students were interested in musical subjects, but they expressed dissatisfaction regarding musical teaching materials and facilities. The students also hoped to be able to handle and play musical instruments. If easy-to-play musical instruments could be provided to permit the students to enjoy, it would be a short-cut to developing their creativity and to making music as a part of their living.;本 硏究의 目的은 音樂이 우리 人間이게 必須不可決하며 자라나는 靑少年들에게는 情緖的으로 꼭 必要하며 度外視되어서는 안됨에도 不拘하고 入試爲主의 學校敎育으로 다소 소홀히 다루어지고 있는 實情이므로 音樂才能과 一般敎料와의 相關을 알아보아 音樂敎科의 重要性을 확인하며 中學校 學生들의 音樂學習實態를 調査하여 이를 바탕으로 音樂科 授業획 바람직한 方向곽 反省의 資料로 삼기 위함이다. 그리하여 知識과 實用性 爲主의 敎育에서 벗어나 人間性의 調和로운 成長을 目的으로 하는 學校敎育에 다소나마 도움이 되고자 한다. 이 硏究는 서울市內 4個 中學校에서 各各을 3個 學級을 標集對象으르 總 816名에 대한 表準化 音樂才能 檢査를 實施하고 學年末 成績과 資料를 處理하여 M.S.D.를 算出하여 小檢査別 平均値 差의 有意度 檢證과 相關度를 내어 比較 分析하였고 이들 對象에게 質問紙를 調査하여 反應을 觀察하였다. 여기서 얻은 結果는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 音樂才能의 性別 比較는 女學生이 높으리라는 예상을 넘어 리듬, 음빛깔, 셈여림에서 男學生 集團인 有意하게 높게 나타났으며 음마침, 높낮이, 음외우기, 악보가리기, 綜合에서는 女學生 集團이 有意한 差로 높은 것으로 檢證되었다. 둘째, 音樂才能의 學年別 比較는 中學校 2學年까지는 比較的 上向線을 이루었고 3學年에서는 좀 떨어지는 경향을 보이고 있는 것으로 檢證되었는데 셈여림, 綜合에서 2學年이 3學年보다 높은 才能을 보이고 있으며 1學年은 경우에도 셈여림에서는 3學年보다 意味있는 水準에서 높은 才能을 보이고 있다. 셋째, 音樂才能 綜合點數와 一般敎科와의 相關에서는 男學生 集團은 國史, 工業이 別 相關이 없었고 그 외 敎科는 比較的 낮은 正的 相關을 보였으며 女學生 集團에서는 대체로 확실한 相關이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 國史, 數學, 美術, 家政, 家事는 相關이 있기는 하나 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 音樂敎科와 一般敎科와의 相關에서는 男, 女學生 集團 모두 比較的 確實한 相關을 보였는데 男學生 集團은 體育, 工業이 女學生 集團에서는 國史, 家政, 家業 敎科가 낮은 相關을 보이고 있고 그 外 敎科는 모두 확실한 상관을 보이고 있다. 다섯째, 學生들은 音樂敎科를 興味있어 하나 敎材와 施設이 未備하여 不滿을 나타내었고 가락짓기는 싫어하는 反應을 보이고 있는데 이들은 악기 배우기를 希望하므로 쉽게 구할 수 있고 다룰 수 있는 악기를 補給하여 이러한 樂器로 實技授業을 하여 자유롭게 表現하도록 하면 創作力도 길러지고 音樂을 生活化하는데 지름길이 되리라 생각한다.