Phosphate builders가 계면활성제의 세정효과에 미치는 영향

Abstract

界面活性劑는 이온性, 非이온性으로 凶分되나 現在 洗劑로 常用되는 것은 이온性中 陰이온性이며 非이온性은 經濟的 條件으로 아직 普遍化되지 않고 있다. 洗劑로 活性劑를 使用할 때에는 洗劑助劑로서 builder를 共用하며 單獨 使用하는 경우는 드물다. 著者는 洗劑로서 一般的으로 많이 쓰이는 야자유비누와 Sodium lauryl sulfate의 一定濃度에 builder로서 3種의 Phosphate 鹽을 各各 10, 20, 30%의 濃度로 添加하여서 日常生活에서 흔히 쓰이는 硬水와 軟水에서 洗淨效率을 實驗하였으며 天然汚染布는 그 採取하는 條件에 따라 汚染組成이 다르며 同時에 洗淨에 대하여서도 그 影響을 받기 쉽기 때문에 人工汚染布로서 Standard soiled cotton, polyester cloth와 同時에 Liquid paraffin soiled cotton, polyester, wool cloth를 Launder-O-meter에 준하는 Shaker와 Terg-O-tometer에서 比較實驗하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. Sodium Lauryl sulfate의 洗淨力이 야자유비누보다 좋았으며 2. Phosphate builder는 20% 濃度일때가 第一 洗淨力이 높았으며 3. 汚染布로서 cotton, polyester, wool에 대하여 builder의 洗淨力의 差등을 究明하였다. ; The detergency effects of phosphates with varying degree of concentration in surfactant solution, soap and sodium lauryl sulfate on different fabric materials, cotton, polyester, and wool were investigated in this experiment. The removal efficiencies of phosphate concentration in sodium lauryl sulfate solution were proved better than soap solution and the best result was achieved at 20% phosphate concentration in both solutions. In standard soil state, sodium tripolyphosphate in both surfactant solutions was more effective for cotton material than sodium pyrophosphate, but sodium pyrophosphate was more effective for polyester material than sodium tripolyphosphate. In liquid paraffin soil state, sodium tripolyphosphate in soap solution was the most effective of all phosphates for three fabrics, but sodium pyrophosphate in sodium lauryl sulfate solution was more effective for cotton and polyester material than other phosphates, however, sodium tripolyphosphate in sodium lauryl sulfate solution was shown effective in wool material only.