청각장해가 아동의 개념형성 발달에 미치는 영향

Abstract

本 硏究는 聽覺障害가 兒童의 槪念形成과 槪念形成 發達에 미치는 影響을 알아보기 위해 정상아와 농아를 비교한 硏究이다. 被驗者의 연령은 7, 8歲와 11, 12歲로 규정하고, 표준화된 「人物畵에 依한 簡便知能檢査」에 의해 知能을 편차 I.Q. 1□~115로 制限하고 가정환경은 중하계급으로 限定하여 30名의 被驗者를 선정하였다. 被驗者 30名중 7, 8歲 농아 6名과 11, 12歲 농아 8名을 한국 구화학교에서 추출하였고, 동일연령의 정상아를 각기 8名씩을 시내 M. 국민학교에서 추출하였다. 本 硏究를 위한 道具로 Goldstein과 Scheerer의 事物分類檢査를 變形改證하여 使用하였다. 本 硏究者가 선정한 被驗者 30名에게 事物分類檢査를 실시하여 얻은 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 槪念水準, 槪念程度, 分類와 表現의 適合性에 있어서 농아와 정상아 사이에는 의미있는 差異가 나타나지 않았다. 2. 槪念水準, 槪念程度, 分類와 表現의 適合性에 있어서 연령증가에 따른 변화량에는 의미있는 差異가 나타나지 않았으며, 연령증가에 따른 변화량에 있어서도 농아와 정상아 사이에는 의미있는 差異가 나타나지 않았다. 3. 事物分類檢査의 문항별 난해도를 분석하여 농아와 정상아의 抽象能力을 비교한 結果에 의하면, 농아는 자신의 生活 경험과 비교적 無關한 내용에 기초하여 槪念을 認知하는 능력에 있어서는 정상아 보다 열등하였지만, 具體的인 生活 경험과 관계있는 내용에 기초하여 槪念을 認知하는 능력에 있어서는 정상아와 같거나 우월하였다.;Ⅰ. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of concept formation attainment between deaf and hearing children, and to get valuable data for educating deaf children. Ⅱ. Procedure and Method 1. Subjects : The subjects were fourteen orally-trained deaf who had a mean hearing loss of about 93 db. from Henkook Lip-reading School for the Deaf and sixteen hearing children from M. Primary School in the same district of Seoul. Six of fourteen deaf and eight of sixteen hearing children were 7 or 8 years of age, and the rest were 11 or 12 years of age. The average range of I.Q.s of the samples was limited between 100 through 115 by Drawing-A-Man Test(revised by Kim Jae Un and others) and the samples were from middle-low class families. 2. Test Apparatus : The tool used in this study was Goldstein-Scheerer's Object Sorting Test according to Rapaport's method, though some of the object were slightly different from what Rapaport used. Ⅲ. Results The results drawn were as follows : 1. There was no statistically significant difference between deaf and hearing children in cognitive abilities, especially in conceptual level, concept span and the accuracy of sorting and verbalization. 2. Significant differences in performance between the two age levels were not found in any statistical analysis. From the items analysis of Parts Ⅰ and Ⅱ, following result was found. 3 . Deaf children were not found to be inferior to the hearing in such formations of concepts as were closely related to their experiences even though they were inferior in such concept formation as those of meaningless objects.