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日帝治下 勞動爭議에 對한 硏究

Title
日帝治下 勞動爭議에 對한 硏究
Other Titles
(A) Study on Labour Disputes under the Japanese Rule of Korea : Focusing on Wonsan General Strike
Authors
尹正喜.
Issue Date
1974
Department/Major
교육대학원 사회과교육전공역사교육분야
Keywords
일제치하노동쟁의역사
Publisher
이화여자대학교 교육대학원
Degree
Master
Abstract
本 論文은 日帝下에 韓國 勞動爭議의 實態를 파악하려는데 그 硏究目的을 두었으나, 1929年에 일어난 元山大罷業을 主로 檢討의 對象으로 하였다. 本 論文에서 元山大罷業의 原因, 展開過程, 結果 등을 살펴볼 때, 元山大罷業은 一般的인 勞動爭議와는 다른 觀點에서 理解되어야 하리라 생각된다. 勞動爭議의 表面的인 要件은 물론 賃金引上, 差別待遇의 改善, 團體協約의 履行促求, 退職金制의 設置, 最低賃金制의 實施要求등으로 一般的인 罷業의 경우와 조금도 다를 것이 없으나, 그 爭議의 展開過程은 一般的인 勞使분규에서 볼 수 없는 特徵을 찾아볼 수 있다. 가령, 元山勞聯의 罷業宣言과 同時에 業體內 韓國人 從業員 모두가 「大韓獨立」萬歲를 高唱하여 종을 치고, 罷業을 斷行한데서 단순한 勞使關係의 勞動爭議가 아니었음을 보게 되는 것이다. 또한 朝鮮日報 등 言論機關이 元山罷業記事를 全面 大書特筆하여 報道한 일이며, 全國 辯護人團에서 理事會를 開催하고 調査團을 現地에 파견하며 勞動者代表 檢擧時, 無料辯論을 담당한 일등은 元山大罷業이 차지하는 位置가 무엇인가를 端的으로 나타내어 주고 있다 할 것이다. 한편 日帝는 總督府가 動員할 수 있는 모든 權力으로, 元山大罷業을 저지하려 하였다. 罷業을 主導한 中心人物과 罷業에 가담한 勞動者의 檢擧는 물론 罷業에 同情하거나 慰問을 하기 위해 다녀간 사람까지도 檢擧하였던 것이다. 이와 같은 日帝當局의 收拾策에서도 元山大罷業이 단순한 勞·使關係의 紛爭에 基因한 罷業이 아니었음을 엿볼 수 있는 것이다. 따라서 元山大罷業은 一般的인 勞動爭議로만 理解할 것이 아니라 勞動者들이 勞動組織을 基盤으로 하여 長期間 온 國民과 뜻을 같이 하며 展開한 勞動者의 反日民族운동으로 評價되어야 하리라 생각한다.;The purpose of the thesis is to reveal the realities of labour disputes during the Japanese occupation of Korea, concentrating on the course of progress of Wonsan General Strike in 1929. In tie thesis, considering the causes, the course of progress and effects of Wonsan General Strike, the causes of the Strike were same to those of ordinary strikes; performance of Collective Agreement, establishment of Retirement Benefit System, performance of Minimun Wage System, and improvement of racial discrimination etc, but the course of progress of the Strike was fundamental different from those of ordinary labor disputes we generally find. This incident indicates that it was not sole labour conflict between a Trade Union and the management. For instance, the Wonsan Trade Union declared strike and simutaneously all Korean employees of the enterprise engaged into the strike with declaration of "Longlive of Korea", and tolling the bell. Significances of the Wonsan strike was well expressed by the fact that mess media such as Dong-A Ilbo and Chosun Ilbo handled this incident as the highlights and Korean Bar Association called the board of directors meeting resolving that the Association sent a fact finding team and offerred legal services without charges to the defendants (strike participants). The other hand, Japanese government, through Governor General's Office, tried to stop the Wonsan strike by all possible means of power. Leaders of the Trade Union and labours participated in the strike were arrested and even these who showed or expressed their sympathy to strike partiorants were also arrested. Japanese Measures to stop strike would clearly indicate that such strike was not pure labour disputes between the Trade Union and the management. Accordingly the Wonsan Strike should not be regarded as a general labour conflict but it should be evaluated as organize labours' struggle against Japanese domination supported by the peoples' will against Japanese domination.
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