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Role of insulin in health and disease: An update
- Title
- Role of insulin in health and disease: An update
- Authors
- Rahman M.S.; Hossain K.S.; Das S.; Kundu S.; Adegoke E.O.; Rahman M.A.; Hannan M.A.; Uddin M.J.; Pang M.-G.
- Ewha Authors
- Md Jamal Uddin
- SCOPUS Author ID
- Md Jamal Uddin
- Issue Date
- 2021
- Journal Title
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- ISSN
- 1661-6596
- Citation
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences vol. 22, no. 12
- Keywords
- Disease; Glucose; Health; Homeostasis; Insulin; Regulation
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Indexed
- SCIE; SCOPUS
- Document Type
- Review
- Abstract
- Insulin is a polypeptide hormone mainly secreted by β cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. The hormone potentially coordinates with glucagon to modulate blood glucose levels; insulin acts via an anabolic pathway, while glucagon performs catabolic functions. Insulin regulates glucose levels in the bloodstream and induces glucose storage in the liver, muscles, and adipose tissue, resulting in overall weight gain. The modulation of a wide range of physiological processes by insulin makes its synthesis and levels critical in the onset and progression of several chronic diseases. Although clinical and basic research has made significant progress in understanding the role of insulin in several pathophysiological processes, many aspects of these functions have yet to be elucidated. This review provides an update on insulin secretion and regulation, and its physiological roles and functions in different organs and cells, and implications to overall health. We cast light on recent advances in insulin‐signaling targeted therapies, the protective effects of insulin signaling activators against disease, and recommendations and directions for future research. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
- DOI
- 10.3390/ijms22126403
- Appears in Collections:
- 연구기관 > 약학연구소 > Journal papers
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