부모양육태도, 또래관계와 후기아동의 물질주의에서 외로움의 매개효과

Abstract

본 연구의 목적은 후기 아동기 아동을 대상으로 부모양육태도, 또래관계와 물질주의의 관계를 살펴보고 각각의 관계를 외로움이 매개하는가를 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 부모양육태도, 또래관계가 물질주의와 정적인 관련이 있고, 외로움과 물질주의가 정적으로 관련되어 있다는 선행연구를 바탕으로 연구모형을 설정하고 검증하였다. 본 연구에서는 서울, 경기, 대구 소재 초등학교에 재학 중인 4, 5, 6학년 1,172명이 참여하였다. 이들을 대상으로 부모양육태도, 또래관계, 물질주의, 외로움에 관한 자기보고식 설문을 실시하였다. 수집한 자료의 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 주요 변인들 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 부모양육태도, 또래관계, 외로움, 물질주의와는 유의한 상관을 나타냈다. 부모양육태도와 또래관계는 정적 관계가, 부모양육태도와 또래관계는 외로움과 물질주의에 정적으로 관련되어 있었다. 둘째, 아버지의 양육태도는 물질주의를 예측하였으나, 외로움은 아버지의 양육태도와 물질주의의 관계에서 매개효과가 없었다. 어머니의 양육태도는 물질주의를 유의하게 예측하였고, 외로움은 어머니의 양육태도와 물질주의의 관계에서 매개효과가 확인되어 매개효과가 검증되었다. 또래관계는 물질주의를 유의하게 예측했고, 외로움은 또래관계와 물질주의의 관계에서 매개효과가 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 아동의 부모양육태도와 또래관계가 아동에게 주는 영향을 물질주의 가치까지 확장하여 살펴봄으로써 아동의 물질주의 가치에 대한 이해를 넓힐 수 있었다. 부모양육태도와 또래관계가 물질주의 가치에 미치는 예측에 대해서 외로움이 중요한 요인으로 작용한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 학생들이 가정과 학교 관계 속에서 느끼는 외로움을 부모와 또래의 관심과 지지를 통해 보완되는 환경을 만들어준다면 학생들의 잠재적 물질주의적 가치 추구 경향성을 줄일 수 있다는데 연구의 의미가 있다.;The purpose of this research is to take a look at the relationships between the rearing attitude of the parents, the peer relationships, and the materialism with the children in the latter part childhood as the subjects and to confirm if loneliness mediates each and every relationship. For this, based on the precedent researches that said that the rearing attitude of the parents, the peer relationships, and the materialism have the positive relationships and that loneliness and materialism are related positively, a model was set up and verified. In this research, 1,172 persons who had been in the 4th grade, the 5th grade, and the 6th grade who had been attending the elementary schools located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Daegu had participated. With them as the subjects, a self-reporting-type questionnaire survey regarding the rearing attitude of the parents, the peer relationships, the materialism, and loneliness had been carried out. The results of the analysis of the data that had been collected are the following" Firstly, as a result of taking a look at the relationships between the main variables, as anticipated, the rearing attitude of the parents, the peer relationships, the loneliness, and the materialism showed the significant relationships. The rearing attitude of the parents and the peer relationships had the positive relationship. And the rearing attitude of the parents and the peer relationships had the positive relationships with loneliness and materialism. Secondly, although the rearing attitude of the father predicted materialism, loneliness did not have any mediating effect in the relationship between the rearing attitude of the father and materialism. The rearing attitude of the mother significantly predicted materialism. And, regarding loneliness, because the mediating effect in the relationship between the rearing attitude of the mother and materialism was confirmed, the mediating effect was verified. The peer relationships significantly predicted materialism. And loneliness had the mediating effect in the relationship between the peer relationships and materialism. Through this research, regarding the children, by taking a look by expanding the influences of the rearing attitude of the parents and the peer relationships on the children to the materialistic value, the understanding regarding the materialistic value of the children could be broadened. It was able to confirm that, regarding the predictions of the rearing attitude of the parents and the peer relationships on the materialistic value, loneliness had acted as an important factor. Also, there is the meaning of the research that, regarding the loneliness that is felt by the students within the relationship between the family and the school, if an environment which supplements through the interests and the support of the parents and the peers is made, the tendency of the pursuit for the potential, materialistic value of the students can be reduced.