Frederic Chopin의 Sonata for Cello and Piano in G Minor op.65에 분석 및 관한 연구

Abstract

낭만시대의 대표적인 Piano작곡가이자 음악가인 Frederic Chopin(1810-1849)의 Piano이외의 유일한 기악곡이자 Sonata 작품 중 마지막으로 발표되었고 친구인August Franchomme에게 헌정되어진 곡으로 알려진 Cello sonata in g minor op.65의 작품배경과 Chopin의 생애 및 음악적인 분석을 연구하여 작곡가의 의도를 충분히 이해하고 접근하는데 목적이 있다. 제 1악장에서의 발전부에 제2주제와 재현부에 제1주제가 나타나지 않으며, 제2악장에서는 고전 Sonana의 3악장형식에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 Scherzo(A B A'의 3부분 형식)가 나타난다. 제3악장에서는 단편적인 선율로 피아노와 첼로가 동등한 위치에서 서로 응답하는 형식으로 불규칙한 구조를 이루고 있다. 제4악장에서는 A B A A' B' A"와 Coda 형식으로 이루어져있다. 이 작품에서 볼 수있는 불규칙한 구성은 고전주의 Sonata 형식에서와는 다른 낭만주의 음악의 특징들을 볼 수가 있는데 이는 그의 음악적색체인 서정적이고 아름다운 선율과 독특한 화성전개는 낭만주의 음악의 발전에 있어서 매우 중요한 위치를 치지를 차지하고 있다.;The final conclusion of the study on Chopin's (a romantic period composer) ‘Cello sonata in G minor Op.65' is as follows. His work is not fully bound to classic period Sonata form, but instead it is composed of four movements with 1st movement of a comparatively free sonata form, 2nd movement with three parts scherzo, 3rd movement with characteristic tempo rubato, and finale with two parts sonata form. The 1st movement with a form of Sonata shows many features of romantic period. It starts with a mixture of functional harmonic vertical chords, and gradually moves forward with chromatic and colorful harmony. Especially, sequential, contrary and parallel motions are remarkable, vertical chords shift gradually horizontal ones. The 2nd movement 'scherzo' is composed of three parts. Syncopational ryhtm become more frequent so that this makes feel rhythmical sense. 2nd movement shows two themes; one theme has cheerful and vertical chords with staccato, and the other theme has horizontal structure with many dispersed chords. The 3rd movement with slow tempo shows tempo rubato which is one of main features of romantic period. Cello and piano exchange lyrical melody and make a nice harmony. Also, inconsistent tempo change appropriately controls musical tension and relaxation and keeps entertaining the listener with unexpected patterns. The 4th movement (the Finale) consists of two parts, in spite of its Sonata form. It has relatively short development and recapitulation compared to classical period sonata form. In this movement, diverse rhythm and rich harmony are frequently used, and musical elements which already appeared in previous movements are repeatedly shown. Chopin's musical techniques and characteristics can be summarized as follows: he uses lyrical and soft melody and vertical chord and horizontal dispersed chord patterns. Also, diminished 7th Chord is prominent and develops with chromaticism. Chromatic progression is often shown with sequential, contrary and parallel motions. Moreover, musical tension and relaxation, contraction and dilatiation appeared well through tempo rubato. Through the study regarding Cello Sonata op.65, Chopin slowly changed classic period style and also simultaneously established his own color on his work. Chopin is a composer who contributed a lot not only to romantic period but also to overall western music stream.