어린이의 영양섭취실태와 지능교육에 관한 연구

Abstract

어린이의 營養攝取實態와 知能發育과의 關係를 밝혀 보았다. 1學年 어린이 一般環境을 알아보기 爲한 質問紙를 配付하여 써 오도록 했으며 現在의 榮養攝取實態는 5日동안의 것을 記入하도록 했다. 榮養攝取實態를 營養素別로 分析하여 統計를 냈고, S校 어린이 312名에게는 知能檢査를 實施하여 知能發育의 基準으로 삼았다. 여기에서의 統計處理는 百分率法과 t, F 檢證方法을 使用하였다. 그 結果 밝혀진 內容을 보면 다음과 같다. 1. 調査對象者의 內容狀況 ① 母의 學歷은 63%가 高卒 以上 이었다. ② 어린이의 家庭의 月總收入은 5万~30万이 73%이었고 1人當 食生活費는 5천- 3만원이 全體의 75%이었다. ③ 食事準備人은 어머니가 85%, 어린이의 Menu를 考慮하고 있다가 92%로 그中 62%는 營養爲主로 Menu를 作成하였다. ④ 姙娠中 禁忌食品이 없었던 어머니가 70%, 姙娠中 特히 留意해서 攝取한 것은 Vitamin·무기질食品이 48%, 蛋白質食品이 34%이었고 攝取食品의 順位는 과일類, 肉類, 야채類 이었다. ⑤ 乳兒期에는 54%가 母乳에 의해 養育되었으며, 50%가 12個月까지 授乳되었다. ⑥ 離乳는 45%가 7~12個月에 시작하였으며 季節로는 봄과 가을에 많았다. ⑦ 離乳食으로 攝取한 糖質食品群, Vitamin·無機質食品群, 蛋白質食品群이 各各 33%, 35%, 28%를 차지하였고, 離乳食은 2 - 5種類이었다. 2. 調査對象者의 營養攝取實態 現在 營養攝取實態는 &#37443;分, Vitamin A, Vitamin B_(1) , Vitamin B_(2) , Niacin, Vitamin C가 勸&#29518;量과 비슷하고, 칼슘이 勸&#29518;量의 87%, 熱量이 79%로 不足現象을 보였고 蛋白質은 133%로 良好하게 攝取하였으며, 59%의 어린이가 偏食을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 成績 上의 集團이 32%, 中의 集團이 55%, 下의 集團이 13%이었고 全體的으로 男兒보다 女兒가 成績이 優秀하였다. 4. 知能 110-117에 屬하는 어린이가 20%로 가장 많았고 知能의 平均은 男兒 105, 女兒 107, 全體 106이었다. 5. 相互關係를 살펴 본 結果 意義있게 나타난 것은 다음과 같다. ① 母의 敎育程度와 熱量攝取實態와의 關係 ② 1人&#24403; 食生活費와 熱量攝取實態와의 關係 ③ 胎兒期 食品攝取實態와 知能과의 關係 ④ 離乳食과 知能과의 關係 ⑤ 授乳期間과 知能과의 關係 ⑥ 現在 熱量攝取實態와 知能과의 關係 ⑦ 現在 蛋白質攝取實態와 知能과의 關係;With the object Of the study in correlation between food intake and I.Q. of children, Ist grade in primary school. The author distributed prcpared questionairce through 612 childrens of 1st grade In S public primary school and L private primary school, Seoul. Specific object of this study were student's general clrcumstances, daily food intake records for five days, and I.0. records of sample children of S primary school. The result of this study were as follows: 1. For the general circumstances a) 63% of mother's educational career appeared upward of high school level. b) Among ths respondents, 73% of sample family's monthly incom distributed 50 to 300 thousand won. 75% of sample family's psr capta food expcnditure ranged 5 to 50 thousand won. c) Among the respondents, 85% of mother prepared cooking by themselves, 92% of respondents only organized cooking menu, and 62% of the above set up the menu putting nutrition first. 2. Nutrition survey of the past a) 70% of pregnant mother took all kind of food. During pregnancy 48% of mother's intake as importancs were Vitaimin and Mineral. b) Approximately 54% of the children were brought up by mother's milk at their infants and 5O% of the children were weaned at the age of 12 months. c) Approximately 45% of the children were begun weaning at age of 7-12 months and weanning season appeared spring and autumn mostly. d) Weanning food evenly distributed 30% of glucide, Vitamin & mineral, and protein respectively. The sort of weanning food were two to five. 3. Nutrition survey of the present a) The calcium and caloris were the most limited factars out of daily nutbrients consumption. b) The total protein intake were more than recommanded quantity. c) Fe, V.A, V.B_(1), V.E_(2), Niacine and V.C were appe as the same level as recomended quantity. 4. School record The record remarked 32% in superior level, 55% in normal and 13% in itsupertior. 5. I. Q. 20% of children distributed 110-117. The average I.Q. of children showed 105 in boys, 197 in girls. 6, The result of statistical analysis were as follows: a) The correlation between the caloris intake and mother's educational level revealed statistical significancy at the leve1 of P < 0.01. b) The corelation between the calorie intake and per capta food expenditure revealed statistical significancy at the level of P<0.05. c) The correlation between the food intake during pregnancy and I.Q. revealed statistical significancy at the level of P < 0.05. d) The correlation between the kind of weanning food and I.Q. revealed statistical significancy at level of P < 0.01. e) The correlation between the period of the lactation and their I.Q. revealed statistical significancy at the level of P < 0.01. f) The correlation between the calorie intake and I.0 revealed statistical significancy at the level of P < 0.05. g) The correlation between the protein intake and I.Q revealed statistical significancy at the level of P < 0.05.