Ballet에 있어서의 주작용근의 기능학적 분석

Abstract

The author of this paper has intended to provide for effective data for body-training by finding out main acting musoles in the five basic positions and the basic movements of legs, such as pli□s, battements, ronds de jambe and relev□s. Thus the author's concern has been concentrated chiefly on the axis-movements in the body in general and the movements in the lower limbs, with a view to analyzing the relationships between the developments in parts of the human body and its training. The author's three main analysis consisted of these: 1. An analysis on the body movement. 2. An analysis on the acting muscles to find out the main acting muscles. 3. An analysis both on the main acting muscles and the action-frequency of muscles in the forms of movements. The findings were as follows: 1. The hip-.joint movements consisted of such actions as flexion, extension, inward and outward rotafion, abduction and adduction. The abduction and adduction were not involved in the knee-joint movements. The plantar flexion was added to the movements of joints-of-foot in place of inward and outward rotation. 2. The total number of the acting muscles was 4g. Such muscles as peroneus tertius, tibialis posterior and peroneus brevis were not found in the basic training in the lower limbs. 3. Twenty-one main acting muscles were taking part in the basic training in accordance with the corresponding forms of movements, but the muscles of bending-joints in joints-of foot did not play any active role. 4. Among the main acting muscles, those of biceps, semitendinosus and semimembrenous worked the most. The next most working muscle was gracilis and the third were the muscles of sartorius, abductor-hallucis, and abductor digiti minimi; the gluteus medius, the gluteus minimus and the gluteus maximus were the fourth most working, almost equally among themselves. 5. Meanwhile the frequency of flexion ranked the first in the forms of movements: that of outward rotation the next, and immediately it was ollowed by that of abduction. The inward rotation and the adduction were less than half of these movements in frequency. According to the author's finding, the outward-rotation and the abduction occurred more frequently than the inward-rotution and addution.;Ballet에 있어서 Five basic positions의 주작용근과 다리의 기본동작(Plies, Battements, Ronds de jampe, Releves)의 주작용근을 색출하여 Ballet의 신체훈련에 주력해야 할 근육을 확인, 정리하여 훈련의 효과적인 자료를 제공하려고 이것을 시도하였다. 신체운동은 축운동에만 한하고 신체부위는 하지에 국한하여, 1.동작의 분석 2. 작용근의 분석과 주동근의 색출 3. 운동형식에 따른 주동근과 그 작용빈도를 분석하여 신체각부와 소정근육이 고르게 훈련되고 있나를 구명하였던 바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. ① Hip-joint운동은 Flexion, Extension, Inward-rotation, Outward-rotation, Abduction, Adduction 이였으며 Knee-joint에서는 Hip-joint와 달라서 Abduction과 Adduction이 없었고 Joints of foot에 있어서 plantar flexion이 가산되었고 Inward-rotation과 Outward-rotation이 없었다. ② 작용근은 44개였으며 하지 중에서 M. peroneus tertius, M. tibialies posterior, M. peroneus brevis 등은 전혀 기본훈련에서 제외되고 있다. ③ 참가한 근육은 운동형식에 따라 21개가 주동근이 되며 주동근 역할을 하지 않는 근육은 대체로 족관근의 굴곡에 관여하는 근육들이다. (M. flexor digitorum longus, M. Flexor hallucis longue는 예외). ④ 주동근에서 제일 많이 작용되는 근은 M. biceps femoris, M. semitendinosus, M. semimembr-anosus 이며 다음이 M. gracilis, 다음으로 M. sartorius, M. abductor hallucis, M. abductor digitiminimi이고 M. gluteusmedius, M. gluteus minimus, M. gluteusmaximus가 다음에 오며 그 외는 거의 비슷빗하게 작용된다. ⑤ 이것을 운동형식별로 보면 Flexion이 제일 많고 다음으로 Outward-rotation, 다음이 Abduction이며 이에 반해 거의 1/2에 해당하는 것들이 Inward-rotation 및 Adduction이다. 이상 전체를 보면 Ballet의 기초에 있어서는 외측회전 외전이 많으며 내측회전과 내전이 적은 것이 현저하다. 기타는 대체로 고르게 근육을 참가시켜 훈련하게 짜여진 기본운동이라 생각된다.