외국인 이주노동자의 사회통합유형에 따른 교육 및 의료서비스 연구

Abstract

This study aims at developing social integration policies for migrant worker families in Korea and providing direction of education and medical service for them. To achieve the objectives of the study, social integration type by migrant worker policy and the relationship between the degree of migrant worker's social integration and the type of education and medical service in Germany and Japan was studied. "Social integration" is defined as the process of increasing interaction to decrease the differentiating, segregation, and inequality for social stability and reproduction, and establishing harmonious community through all members' sense of common identity. According to Lee, Kyung-Ho(2000), the social integration type is classified as Separationism, Cosmopolitanism, Assimilationism, and Multi-culturalism. Based on the classification, current Korean migrant worker's social integration type is Separationism, Japanese is Cosmopolitanism, and German is Assimilationism. And the education and medical service for their family is clearly different by the type of the integration type. In Korea, where the social integration type is "Separationism", there's little central government or regional government initiated education as well as medical service, and only minimal level of service is provided by private sector. But in Japan, where the type is "Cosmopolitanism", both private sector and regional government work together to solve problems of migrant worker families', but it's still basic level. In German, where the type is "Assimilationism", government takes an initiatives in developing policy and education and medical service for migrant worker family. By studying at the migrant of foreign workers and changes in migrant worker's social integration type, increases in foreign migrant workers in Korea is unavoidable due to lack of labor forces, rapid aging of society and low birth rate. Since it is almost impossible to make them go back to their own countries, and unsuccessful social integration may generate bigger problems. Once foreign migrants settle down in a society, social integration policy should be planned in advance. To achieve migrant worker's social integration and social welfare, fully reflected education and medical service should be implemented. In terms of education service, Korean language learning is a fundamental and core element of social integration for migrant worker's children through adjusting to school life and Korean society. To provide adequate Korean learning, governmental supports such as distribution to the teachers of special teaching materials, studying aborad for the responsible teachers, and additional allocation of teachers for foreign students should be made. Furthermore, these services should be extended not only to the children of migrant workers but also to the workers. For the more effective medical services, medial services should be more accessible to them through a variety of supports such as bilingual medical information material, health insurance or similar support for their giving birth and taking health care of young children. Most of all mentioned before, it is necessary to changes our views on migrant workers from different and heterogeneous members to members of our community, because discrimination and segregation against the social weakers in the society cannot be resolved by regulation and policy. As it has been seen in German, there cannot be any changes in regulations and policy without changes in the views on migrant worker's family. I wish this study could be a seed for Korean society to become more open and global society, and to change providing education and medical service for foreign workers not as special benefit but as necessary one.