어머니의 自我正體感 水準이 家族成員內에 미치는 心理的 影響

Abstract

This study was attempted to investigate the effect of the mother's ego identity level on the mother's psychological relationships with family members, within the framework of Erikson's psychosocial theory of personality development. Therefore, the problems investigated in this study are as follows : 1. What relationships are there between the mother's ego identity level and the mother's psychological relationships with family members? 2. What correlations are there between the subcategories of the mother's ego identity level and the subcategories of the mother's psychological reationships with family members? 3. What differences are there in the mother's ego identity by the levels of mothers' age, duration of marriage, sex-ratio of children, educational level, and vocation of their husbands? 4. What differences are there in the mothers' psychological relationships with family members by the levels of mothers' age, duration of marriage, sex-ratio of children, educational level, and the vocation of their husbands? For these pupose, the Ego Identity Scale(Sun Bong Yun 1974) and Home Atmosphere Rating Scale(Kim Jae Un 1974) were administered to 181 mothers. The statistical analysises of the resulting data included calculation of the Mean s(M), Standard deviations(SD), correlation coefficients(r), and analysis of variances(F). The findings are as follows : 1. The mothers' psychological relationships with family members depended upon the mothers' ego identity lever(r=.53, p＜.01) 2. The significant and positive relationships(r=.21-51, p＜0.1) were found between the subcategories of the mothers' ego identity level and the subcategories of the mothers' pwychological relationships with family members except 「Uniqueness」, 「Self-assertiveness」 and general Home Atmosphere Rating Scale, 「Stability」 and 「the emotional relationships of mother-children」. 3. Significant differences were found in the variable of educational level(F=4.10, p＜.05) and the mothers' ego identity level. 4. Significant differences were found in the variables of mothers' age(F=4.69, p＜.05), educational level(F=11.05, p＜^(56).01), and vocation of their husbands(F=2.45, p＜.05) with the mothers' psychological relationships within family members.;本 硏究에서는 Erikson의 心理·社會的 性格發達 理論에서 重點的으로 다루어지고 있는 自我正體感을 重視하여, 어머니의 自我正體感 水準이 家族成員內에 미치는 心理的 影響을 알아보려는데 그 目的이 있다. 따라서 本 硏究에서 究明하고자 하는 問題는 다음과 같다. 1. 어머니의 自我正體感 水準과 어머니의 家族成員과의 心理的 關係는 실제로 어떤 相關關係가 있는가? 2. 自我正體感 下位 構造別로 보면 어머니의 家庭成員과의 心理的 關係는 細部的으로 어떠한 相關關係를 갖고 있는가? 3. 어머니의 自我正體感 水準은 어머니의 年齡, 結婚年限, 子女關係, 敎育程度 및 男便의 職業에 따라서 어떠한 差異가 있는가? 4. 어머니의 家族成員과의 心理的 關係는 어머니의 年齡, 結婚年限, 子女關係, 敎育程度 및 男便의 職業에 따라 어떠한 差異가 있는가? 이을 위해 本 硏究에서는 181名의 어머니를 對象으로 自我正體感 檢査(徐鳳廷 1974)와 家庭環境診斷檢査(金在恩 1974)를 실시하여 두 檢査尺度의 相互相關度를 내고, 또 調査對象을 年齡, 結婚年限, 子女關係, 敎育程度, 男便의 職業別로 區分하여, 各 要因別로 集團間의 變量分析을 했다. 그 結果, 다음과 같은 事實이 發見되었다. 1. 어머니의 家庭成員과의 心理的 關係는 어머니의 自我正體感 水準에 依存하고 있다.(r=.53, p＜.01) 2. 自我正體感의 下位構造中 「獨特性」과 「自己主張」을 제외한 따른 下位構造(「安定性」, 「目標志向性」, 「對人役割期待」, 「自己受容」, 「自己存在意識」, 「對人關係」)는 한가지(「安定性」과 「母子間의 親愛的 關係」)만을 제외하고는 모두 어머니의 家族成員과의 心理的 關係의 細部構造와 有意한 相關을 보인다(r=.21~.51, p＜.01). 3. 어머니의 年齡, 結婚年限, 子女關係, 敎育程度 및 男便의 職業의 5個 要因中 「敎育程度」別만 兩集團間의 自我正體感 水準의 有意한 差를 보였다(F=4.01, p＜.05). 4. 어머니의 家族成員과의 心理的 關係는 年齡別(F=4.69, p＜.05), 敎育程度別(F=11.05, p＜.01), 그리고 男便의 職業別(F=2.45, p＜.05)에 따라 集團間의 意味있는 差異가 나타났다.