韓國目錄學에 關한 硏究

Abstract

This is a historical study on cataloging and classification of books published in Korea in the past. They were, in many respects, similar to the present-day bibliographies and cataloging rules. This writer attempts to trace the catalogues of ancient Korean books chronologically and tries to systemize them by observing the background of authors, characteristics of cataloging rules, and the description of the items in the bibliographies. It is not known whether there had ever been any catalogues in the times of Korea's Three Kingdoms, although we have some records of the books existed at that time. In the period of the Koryo Dynasty, both Buddhism and Confucianism had prevailed together, and cataloging rules developed in these fields of thoughts. According to Koryo-Dogyung 高麗圖經 written by Chinese scholar, Suh Keung, books in the Royal Libraries were classified and arranged in accordance with four division rule. i. e., Kyung Sa Ja Jip 經史子集, derived from confucianism. But, there is no way of knowing the details of the method of book-classification of that period as no catalogues are available today. However, there are two volumes of catalogues for buddhist books with differing classification mothods, one is named Shinpyun-Jejong-Kyojang-Chongrok 新編諸宗敎藏總錄, and the other, Daejang-Mokrok 大藏目錄. In the Yi Dynasty some Royal Libraries such as Jiphyunjun 集賢殿, Hongmoonkwan 弘文館, Kyujangkak 奎章閣 were established. These Libraries uses the same scheme of Kyung Sa Ja Jip for compiling, classifying and cataloging up to the end of the Yi Dynasty. And the mothod prevailed through Japanese occupation of Korea. Some books of catalogues were made during the Yi Dynasty such as Haedong-Moonhun-Chon-rok 海東文獻總錄 by Kim Hyu, Kyujang-Chongmok 奎章總目 by Suh Hosu, Nupanggo 루판고 by Suh Yuku, etc. After the Gap-Oh Reform in 1894, western cultures were introduced to Korea overwhelmingly. Thus, studies for Korean bibliographies and cataloging rules attracted less attention. During the Japanese occupation, books of Kyujangkak Libraries and other libraries were under the direct control of the Japanese. Here again the Kyung Sa Ja Jip were used for cataloging and classification of Korean classics. However, a number of both Korean and foreign scholars had published bibliographies of the Korean classics with their own schemes such as; Bibliographie de la Coreenne by Maurice Courant, Kosun-Chaekbo 古鮮冊譜 by Maema Kyosaku, Chungboonsil-Sumok 淸芬室書目 by Lee Inyung, etc.