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이소플라본 보충이 폐경 여성의 혈중 지질 성상에 미치는 영향 연구

Title
이소플라본 보충이 폐경 여성의 혈중 지질 성상에 미치는 영향 연구
Other Titles
A Study on Potential Effects of Isoflavone Supplement on the Blood Lipid Level of Postmenopausal Women
Authors
이지혜
Issue Date
2009
Department/Major
임상보건과학대학원 임상보건학과임상영양학전공
Publisher
이화여자대학교 임상보건과학대학원
Degree
Master
Advisors
김양하
Abstract
여성은 폐경 이후 심․뇌혈관 질환의 위험이 증가하기 시작하여 연령 증가에 따라 지속적으로 위험이 증가하게 된다. 콩에 다량 함유되어 있는 이소플라본은 에스트로겐과 유사한 구조와 활성을 가지는 식물성 에스트로겐이며 골다공증, 심혈관계 질환, 유방암 등과 같이 호르몬과 관련된 질환의 예방에 효과가 있다. 본 연구에서는 폐경 후 여성을 대상으로 이중맹검법(Double blinded placebo controlled trials)을 이용하여 대두의 이소플라본 보충이 혈중 지질 수준에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 연구는 건강한 폐경기 여성 50명(46~69세)을 대상으로 총 24주간 진행되었다. 이소플라본군(25명)에게는 이소플라본 110mg을 포함한 대두단백을, 위약군(25명)에게는 모양과 제형이 같은 위약을 매일 복용하도록 하였다. 실험 시작시 대상자들의 신체계측 및 혈압을 측정하고 식사일기를 통해 영양소 섭취량을 조사하였으며 혈액을 채취하여 혈액 지질구성을 알아보았다. 8주마다 병원을 방문하도록 하여 4일간의 식사일기를 수집하고, 연구에 사용할 알약을 제공하였다. 실험 시작 전과 실험이 종료되는 시점(24주)에 혈액을 채취하여 총 콜레스테롤, LDL 콜레스테롤, HDL 콜레스테롤, 중성지방을 측정하였다. 실험 전 대상자들의 신체계측, 혈압, 혈액 분석결과 체지방율에서 두 군 간에 차이가 나타났고 이를 제외한 나머지 변수의 초기 수준은 두 군에서 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 실험 초기와 24주 동안 두 군의 평균 영양소 섭취량, 콜레스테롤 및 식이지방산 섭취량은 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 혈액자료를 분석한 결과 이소플라본을 24주간 보충하였을 때 이소플라본군에서는 섭취 전에 비해 섭취 후 동맥경화지수(Atherogenic Index, AI)가 12% 감소하였고 Cardiac Index(CI)는 9.3% 감소하여 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<0.05). 반면 위약군에서는 이와 같은 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구 결과 대두의 이소플라본을 보충한 군에서 동맥경화지수, Cardiac Index 수준이 유의적으로 감소하여 혈중 지질 개선에 긍정적인 효과가 나타났다.;The purpose of this study was to determine potential effects of isoflavone supplement extracted from bean on the blood lipid level of postmenopausal women. To meet the purpose, this study selected total 50 healthy postmenopausal women and they were divided into two groups, i.e. isoflavone group (25 subjects; isoflavone 110 mg) and placebo group (25 subjects; placebo). Both groups were asked to take their own prescription drug for 24 weeks. Next, this study conducted physical measurement, dietary intake examination and blood test for both groups. As a result, this study could come to the following findings: It was found that isoflavone group and placebo group had mean age of 58.9 and 57.8 respectively, and both of them had overweight or more serious weight conditions according to overweight-related indices. For systolic and diastolic blood pressure, it was found that both isoflavone and placebo group showed normal range of blood pressure (isoflavone group: 120.8 mmHg, 72.4 mmHg; placebo group: 117.4 mmHg, 73.2 mmHg). It was found that isoflavone group and placebo group took daily mean calorie of 1617.2 kcal (89.8% of recommended intake) and 1652.7 kcal (91.8% of recommended intake), which indicates somewhat less energy intake than normal level. But it was found that both groups had daily mean dietary fiber intake of 21.2 g, which was higher level than adequate intake (AI) specified in the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI, 2005). It was found that isoflavone group had daily mean dietary isoflavone intake of 10.1 mg, which was a little less than findings of previous studies on similar age group. And it was found that isoflavone and placebo group had daily mean dietary cholesterol intake of 236.7 mg and 263.7 mg respectively, but there was no significant difference in dietary cholesterol intake between both groups. Before and after isoflavone supplement, it was found that there was no significant difference in nutrient intake and dietary fatty acid intake between isoflavone and placebo group, so that potential differences in isoflavone intake depending on diet could be minimized. According to analysis on hematological data from our subjects, it was found that 24-week supplement of isoflavone 110 mg had effects on significantly reducing Atherogenic Index (AI) of isoflavone group from 3.3 (before isoflavone intake) to 2.9 (after isoflavone intake) (13% reduced) on a statistical basis, and also had effects upon significantly reducing Cardiac Index(CI) of isoflavone group from 4.3 (before isoflavone intake) to 3.9 (after isoflavone intake) (9.8% reduced) on a statistical basis(p<0.05). But placebo group didn't show any significant variation in blood lipid before and after isoflavone supplement. Conclusively, it is found that isoflavone supplement leads to significant decrease of Atherogenic Index (AI) and Cardiac Index (CI). According to analysis on potential effects of isoflavone intake, it is found that isoflavone intake has no evident but a little effect on improving blood lipid level, which means that isoflavone may have positive effects upon blood lipid level. Therefore, it is expected that adequate intake of isoflavone based on soybean will be helpful to prevent and remedy hyperlipidemia in the population of Korean postmenopausal women. Indeed, there are many academic reports on potential quantitative and qualitative effects of physical measurement or nutrients and fatty acid, which we take in our daily diet upon blood lipid level, but there are less or more differences among those reports. That is why it is necessary to make more formulated studies on potential effects of these factors as a function of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, it is advisable to make more epidemiological studies, animal experiments and clinical experiments to determine potential effects of isoflavone on blood lipid level in association with cardiovascular diseases. And it is required to adopt wider age distribution and larger number of sample to make more researches into intake and intake period.
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