音樂時間에 對한 現況 調査硏究

Abstract

우리나라 敎育機關中 國民學校는 一生동안에서 가장 基礎的이고 基本이 되는 重要한 敎育機關이다. 특히 藝能科目은 時期的으로 봐서 가장 適切한 時期가 國民學校 在學中 일때 라고 아니할 수 없고 重要 時期에 놓여 있는 兒童을 올바르게 指導·成長 시키기 위해서는 그들의 音樂敎4育을 擔當하는 一線敎師의 能力과 學校當局·文敎行政의 힘에 따라 크게 結果가 決定 된다. 本 硏究는 一線 國民學校 敎師와 兒童을 對象으로 現在 國民學校에서 실시 되고 있는 音樂時間의 運營實態를 調査하고 音樂學習에 對한 興味와 準備性 및 期待를 性別, 地域別, 學年別, 經歷別로 나누어 分析해서 그 結科로 國民學校의 音樂授業 및 音樂學習의 興味와 準備性, 期待를 向上 시킬수 있도록 그 示唆를 얻기 위해 質問紙를 使用하여 大·中·小都市의 兒童729名과 敎師195名을 對象으로 本 硏究를 실시 하였는데, 그 結果는 1. 學校에서의 音樂時間은 兒童들이 높은 興味를 갖고 있으나 準備性 및 期待는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 敎師들이 生覺하는 理想的인 音樂指導란 音樂의 技能을 가르치는 일 뿐만 아니라 人間敎育에 까지 넓게 生覺해서 兒童들에게 音樂에 對한 興味를 갖게 하면서 敎育課程에 바탕을 두고 統合的으로 指導하는 것이 바람직하다고 보고 學校에서의 音樂時間은 대단히 必要한 時間임을 是認하고 있다. 그러나 敎師들은 音樂授業을 進行할 때 歌唱에 比重을 많이 두며 創作이나 器樂·鑑賞 分野에 自信感이 없음에도 불구하고 音樂授業을 위해 準備하는 誠意가 적고, 兒童 역시 他 科目에 비해 豫習과 復習度가 낮으며 宿題의 比重도 낮아 準備하는 誠意가 적음을 指摘할 수 있다. 2. 兒童들의 音樂的 能力의 成長은 敎師의 指導能力에 따라 크게 影響을 받기 때문에 有能한 敎師가 必要되며, 兒童들이 音樂에 興味가 크므로 學校當局에서도 藝能科目을 더욱 强調해야 하며 藝能科目을 擔當하는 專門敎師가 있어야 함을 敎師들은 要望하고 있다. 3. 學校音樂授業에 對한 學校當局의 協力程度는 좋은 편이 못되며 兒童의 音樂的 環境도 좋지 못함을 알 수 있고, 音樂授業을 進行함에 必要한 施設 및 資料가 不足하다. 以上의 硏究를 通하여 앞으로의 音樂敎育은 첫째, 藝能科目의 發達에 重要한 時期인 國民學校 時節에 音樂的 興味를 갖도록 하여 全人的 發達이 이루어 지도록 그 時期를 놓쳐서는 안되며, 둘째는, 兒童의 音樂學習에 對한 準備性 및 期待등 音樂的 能力의 成長은 敎師의 指導能力에 따라 크게 影響을 받기 때문에 敎師의 音樂指導 能力이 向上 되어야 하겠다. 그러기 위해서는 敎師의 養成過程에서 專門的 姿勢를 確立 시킴으로서 兒童의 全人的 發達에 奇與할 수 있으리라 期待되는 바이다.;In Korean educational institutions, Primary School is the most important one as it forms the educational basis for pubils throughout their lives. Primary School is most ideal in timing for the learning of arts Subjects, in partioular. Guidance on them and the cultivation of the ability of the pupils who are at an important juncture of learning are often dictated by the ability of teachers who are in charge of Music education, the attitude of School authorities and education administration. This Study deals with how lecture time on musics in primary school is Spaced and operated, and how pupils are interested in music with respect to their sexes, regions, School-year grades and the Careers of teachers. This Study covering both teachers and pupils is thus designed to obtain data which might be helpful in improving music lectures, Learning, Preparation and aspirations among pupils in primary Schools. For this purpose, questionnaire was used to cover 729 Pupils and 195 teachers in large, middle and Small cities. The findings are as follow: 1. Pupils are highly interested in music lessons, but their Preparation and aspiration are low. Teachers tend to believe that the ideal teaching method of music not merely involves the transmission of music Skills but also the integrity of teaching directed at the caltivation of personality as well as the interest of Students. Teaches agree, in this light, that lessans in music in schools are very important. However, teachers are inclined to place heavy emphasis on Singing seesion, and they do not take much trouble to Prepare themselves for music lectures, although they are not confident about creative works, handling musical instraments and music appreciation. Pupils, too, are not so much enthusiastic with preparation and review of what they have learned as they are with other subjects. Also, the weight of homework on music is lower than that of other Subjects. 2. Since the growth of musical talent among children is influenced greatly by the ability of teachers, it is necessary to secure compotent teachers. Teachers share the opinions that children are generally interested in music, and , therfore, School authorities should give due attention to arts subjects, and that there must be specialized teachers to take charge of arts subjects. 3. The cooperation school authorities generally extend toward music education is not appreciable, while the musical environment involving children is not good. The facilities and data required for music education in schools are insufficient. In this light, music education in the fature should emphasize that the lessons must be keyed to the development of personality of pupils by getting them interested in music, moting that primary school year is of profound' importance in learning arts subjects. Since the growth of musical talent of children, including their Preparation for music lessons and their aspirations, is influenced Significantly by the teaching ability of teachers, it is necessary to improve the teaching Skill of teachers. In Cultivating teachers, a mental set of specialization must be introduced into teachers, So that they can play their part in the development of personality of their pupils.