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Impact of COVID-19 Infection and Its Association With Previous Vaccination in Patients With Myasthenia Gravis in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
- Title
- Impact of COVID-19 Infection and Its Association With Previous Vaccination in Patients With Myasthenia Gravis in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
- Authors
- Han, Hee Jo; Kim, Seung Woo; Kim, Hyunjin; So, Jungmin; Lee, Eun-Jae; Lim, Young -Min; Lee, Jung Hwan; Lee, Myung Ah; Kim, Byung-Jo; Baek, Seol-Hee; Lee, Hyung-Soo; Sohn, Eunhee; Kim, Sooyoung; Park, Jin-Sung; Kang, Minsung; Park, Hyung Jun; Yoon, Byeol-A; Kim, Jong Kuk; Seok, Hung Youl; Kim, Sohyeon; Min, Ju-Hong; Chung, Yeon Hak; Cho, Jeong Hee; Kim, Jee-Eun; Oh, Seong-il; Shin, Ha Young
- Ewha Authors
- 김지은
- SCOPUS Author ID
- 김지은
- Issue Date
- 2024
- Journal Title
- JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
- ISSN
- 1011-8934
1598-6357
- Citation
- JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE vol. 39, no. 18
- Keywords
- Myasthenia Gravis; COVID-19 Infection; Vaccination; Outcomes; Worsening
- Publisher
- KOREAN ACAD MEDICAL SCIENCES
- Indexed
- SCIE; SCOPUS; KCI
- Document Type
- Article
- Abstract
- Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) were more susceptible to poor outcomes owing to respiratory muscle weakness and immunotherapy. Several studies conducted in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic reported higher mortality in patients with MG compared to the general population. This study aimed to investigate the clinical course and prognosis of COVID-19 in patients with MG and to compare these parameters between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in South Korea. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study, which was conducted at 14 tertiary hospitals in South Korea, reviewed the medical records and identified MG patients who contracted COVID-19 between February 2022 and April 2022. The demographic and clinical characteristics associated with MG and vaccination status were collected. The clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection and MG were investigated and compared between the vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. Results: Ninety-two patients with MG contracted COVID-19 during the study. Nine (9.8%) patients required hospitalization, 4 (4.3%) of whom were admitted to the intensive care unit. Seventy-five of 92 patients were vaccinated before contracting COVID-19 infection, and 17 were not. During the COVID-19 infection, 6 of 17 (35.3%) unvaccinated patients were hospitalized, whereas 3 of 75 (4.0%) vaccinated patients were hospitalized ( P < 0.001). The frequencies of ICU admission and mechanical ventilation were significantly lower in the vaccinated patients than in the unvaccinated patients ( P = 0.019 and P = 0.032, respectively). The rate of MG deterioration was significantly lower in the vaccinated patients than in the unvaccinated patients ( P = 0.041). Logistic regression after weighting revealed that the risk of hospitalization and MG deterioration after COVID-19 infection was significantly lower in the vaccinated patients than in the unvaccinated patients. Conclusion: This study suggests that the clinical course and prognosis of patients with MG who contracted COVID-19 during the dominance of the omicron variant of COVID-19 may be milder than those at the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic when vaccination was unavailable. Vaccination may reduce the morbidity of COVID-19 in patients with MG and effectively prevent MG deterioration induced by COVID-19 infection.
- DOI
- 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e150
- Appears in Collections:
- 의과대학 > 의학과 > Journal papers
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