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Prognostic Factors for Predicting Post-COVID-19 Condition in Patients With COVID-19 in an Outpatient Setting
- Title
- Prognostic Factors for Predicting Post-COVID-19 Condition in Patients With COVID-19 in an Outpatient Setting
- Authors
- Choi; Myeong Geun; Joo; Young Woong; Kim; Min-Ho; Park; Sojung; Shin; Yune-Young; Chun; Eun Mi
- Ewha Authors
- 박소정; 신윤영; 최명근
- SCOPUS Author ID
- 박소정; 신윤영; 최명근
- Issue Date
- 2024
- Journal Title
- Journal of Korean medical science
- ISSN
- 1598-6357
- Citation
- Journal of Korean medical science vol. 39, no. 2, pp. e23
- Keywords
- COVID-19; Post-COVID-19 Condition; Prognostic Factors
- Indexed
- SCOPUS
- Document Type
- Article
- Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Although data on post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) conditions are extensive, the prognostic factors affecting symptom duration in non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 are currently not well known. We aimed to investigate the various prognostic factors affecting symptom duration among outpatients with COVID-19. METHODS: Data were analyzed from 257 patients who were diagnosed with mild COVID-19 and visited the 'post-COVID-19 outpatient clinic' between April and December 2022 after a mandatory isolation period. The symptom duration was measured from diagnosis to symptom resolution. Laboratory and pulmonary function test results from their first visit were collected. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 55.7 years, and the median symptom duration was 57 days. The development of post-COVID-19 conditions (> 12 weeks) were significantly correlated with not using antiviral drugs, leukocytosis (white blood cell > 10,000/µL), lower 25(OH)D3 levels, forced vital capacity (FVC) < 90% predicted, and presence of dyspnea and anxiety/depression. Additionally, in multivariable Cox regression analysis, not using antiviral drugs, lower 25(OH)D3 levels, and having dyspnea were poor prognostic factors for longer symptom duration. Particularly, vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) and not using antivirals during the acute phase were independent poor prognostic factors for both post-COVID-19 condition and longer symptom duration. CONCLUSION: The non-use of antivirals, lower 25(OH)D3 levels, leukocytosis, FVC < 90% predicted, and the presence of dyspnea and anxiety/depression symptoms could be useful prognostic factors for predicting post-COVID-19 condition in outpatients with COVID-19. We suggest that the use of antiviral agents during the acute phase and vitamin D supplements might help reduce COVID-19 symptom duration. © 2024 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.
- DOI
- 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e23
- Appears in Collections:
- 의과대학 > 의학과 > Journal papers
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