Program Annotation

Abstract

본 논문은 필자의 석사 졸업 연주 프로그램인 요한 세바스티안 바흐(Johann Sebastian Bach, 1685-1750)의「Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue, BWV 903」, 루트비히 반 베토벤(Ludwig van Beethoven, 1770-1827)의 「Piano Sonata No. 21 in C Major, Op. 53」, 세르게이 라흐마니노프(Sergei Rachmaninoff, 1873-1943)의 「Variations on a Theme of Corelli, Op. 42」, 니콜라이 카푸스틴(Nikolai Kapustin, 1937-2020)의 「Variations, Op. 41」에 대한 작품해설이다. 바흐의「Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue, BWV 903」은 쾨텐 시기에 작곡하기 시작하여 라이프치히 시기인 1730년에 완성하였다. 이 작품은 자유롭고 즉흥적인 전개를 보이는 환상곡과 엄격한 푸가형식을 따르지 않은 자유로운 구성의 3성부 푸가로 구성되었으며, 환상곡은 푸가의 앞에 연주되어 전주곡의 역할을 담당한다. 곡의 제목에서 보여지듯 반음계적 화성 및 선율 진행이 곡의 전반에 두드러지게 나타난다. 베토벤의 「Piano Sonata No. 21 in C Major, Op. 53」은 1803년에 작곡되어 1804년에 완성된 베토벤의 중기 소나타로서, 그의 후원자였던 발트슈타인(Count Ferdinand Ernst Gabriel von Waldstein, 1762-1823) 백작에게 헌정되었다. 이 작품은 길이가 길고 방대한 규모의 1, 3악장과 짧은 2악장으로 구성되었으며, 고전시대의 소나타의 형식에서 벗어나 독창적이고 실험적인 구성을 보인다. 라흐마니노프의 「Variations on a Theme of Corelli, Op. 42」는 그가 작곡한 마지막 피아노 독주곡으로서, 절친한 동료이자 바이올리니스트 프리츠 크라이슬러(Fritz Kreisler, 1875-1962)에게 헌정되었다. 이 작품은 아르칸젤로 코렐리(Arcangelo Corelli, 1653-1713)의 「Sonatas for Violin and Basso continuo Op. 5, No. 12」의 주 선율인 <라 폴리아(La folia)>를 사용한 주제와 20개의 변주, 그리고 코다(coda)로 구성되었다. 카푸스틴의 「Variations, Op. 41」은 1984년에 작곡되었으며, 이고르 스트라빈스키(Igor Stravinsky, 1882-1971)의 「봄의 제전」 (Rite of Spring, 1913)에서 나오는 도입부의 주제를 사용하였고, 주제와 6개의 변주로 구성된다.;This thesis is a program annotation of the musical works 「Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue, BWV 903」 by J. S. Bach(1685-1750), 「Piano Sonata No. 21 in C Major, Op. 53」 by L. v. Beethoven (1770-1827), 「Variations on a Theme of Corelli, Op. 42」 by S. Rachmaninoff (1873-1943), 「Variations, Op.41」 by N. Kapustin (1937-2020), which were performed in the author’s graudate recital for the master’s degree. J. S. Bach (1685-1750) was one of the greatest composers in the Baroque period. His「Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue, BWV 903」 was composed during the Weimar and Köthen years and completed during the Leipzig period (1730). It consists of a free and improvisational fantasia and a three-part fugue which does not strictly follow the traditional fugue structure. The fantasy serves as an introduction to the fugue. This musical work features chromatic harmony and melody. Beethoven was a representative composer of the Classical period. His 「Piano Sonata No. 21 in C Major, Op. 53」, composed in 1803 and completed in 1804, belongs to a mid-period sonata, and was dedicated to his patron, Count Ferdinand Ernst Gabriel von Waldstein. It is comprised of lengthy and expansive 1st and 3rd movements, and a short 2nd movement. And, this sonata features deviations from the traditional classical sonata with its experimental and innovative elements. The two themes of the 1st movement do not follow the expected key relationships of the classical sonata. The 2nd movement is marked as an “Introduzione” to the 3rd movement and is comprised of only 28 measures. In the 3rd movement, Beethoven created a rich sonic effect by using a long pedal that he specifically indicated. Rachmaninoff was one of the greatest Russian composers in the 20th century. Rachmaninoff's 「Variations on a Theme of Corelli, Op. 42」 is his last solo piano work. It was composed in 1931 and dedicated to his close friend and violinist, Fritz Kreisler. It is based on the theme 「La folia」 derived from Arcangelo Corelli's 「Sonatas for Violin and Basso continuo No. 12, Op. 5」. It consists of a theme and 20 variations and a coda. Kapustin was a Ukrainian composer in the 20th century. He is known for the fusion of classical and jazz elements in his compositions. Kapustin's 「Variations, Op.41」 was composed in 1984. It consists of a theme, which is based on the opening theme of Igor Stravinsky's 「Rite of Spring」(1913), and six variations.