이고르 스트라빈스키의 『봄의 제전』 (The Rite of Spring) 분석 연구

Abstract

본 논문은 이고르 스트라빈스키의 발레 음악 <봄의 제전> 분석을 위하여 먼저 그가 이 작품을 작곡한 당시의 시대에 나타난 음악적 경향에 대해 간단히 살펴보고자 한다. 19세기 말 후기 낭만주의를 거쳐 20세기에 새로 등장하게 된 인상주의, 신고전주의, 민족주의, 표현주의의 음악적 특징과 그 시대를 대표하는 작곡가, 그리고 그들의 주요 작품들 순으로 알아보고자 한다. 그 다음 스트라빈스키의 생애와 작품경향을 시기별로 살펴보도록 한다. 본격적인 <봄의 제전>에 대한 분석에 앞서, 표현주의로부터 비롯되어 <봄의 제전>의 전제로 쓰인 원시주의 양식의 등장 배경과 음악적 특징 그리고 그 시기의 대표 작품을 간단히 살펴보겠다. 이어서 본 논문의 연구 주제인 <봄의 제전>을 작곡한 배경과 곡의 전체적인 개요에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 마지막으로 리듬, 선율, 화성, 관현악법의 네 가지 측면에서 살펴본 구체적인 악곡의 분석을 통하여 곡에 나타난 원시주의적 색채를 느낄 수 있는 스트라빈스키만의 작곡어법에 대해서 살펴보고자 한다. ;For the analysis of Igor Stravinsky's ballet music <The Rite of Spring>, this thesis first briefly looked at the musical trends of the time when he composed the work. In Western music history, musical styles from the 19th century to the early 20th century were extensively and complexly influenced by society and culture, and many changes took place. The musical characteristics of Impressionism, Neoclassicalism, Nationalism, Expressionism, and Composers representing the period, and their major works, which emerged in the 20th century through late 19th-century romanticism. Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky(1882-1971) was a composer who led the flow of music in the 20th century, pursuing changes in various styles that emerged in the first half of the 20th century. Changes in his musical style can be divided into the first period of national primitivism, the second period of neoclassicism, and the third period of serialism. Completed in 1913, <The Rite of Spring> was the last of the three ballet pieces he composed during the first period of national primitivism. <The Rite of Spring> is the most prominent work of Stravinsky's primitive musical expressive diction and expresses human primitive and instinctive tendencies through the overall atmosphere of the song. The main characteristics of this work can be summarized as follows. <The Rite of Spring> expresses the colors of primitivism through a variety of rhythmic phrases and strong accents that have never been seen before, Stravinsky's unique melodies based on folk songs, frequent perversion and ventral sounds, percussion use of string instruments and major melodies played by wind instruments. In addition, the orchestra's composition is a different five-way composition, extending the wind instrument and percussion parts to create a mysterious and exotic tone. Stravinsky's independent and bold compositional language influenced many composers afterwards. It is a comprehensive work of art that expresses the propensity of primitive music by combining Diaghilev's production, Nijinsky's choreography, and Stravinsky's music. Since then, it has presented various possibilities in music of the 20th century and has greatly influenced future composers.