Sergei Rachmaninoff의 Sonata for Cello and Piano in g minor, Op.19 분석 및 연구

Abstract

후기 러시아 낭만주의 음악의 대표적인 작곡가 세르게이 라흐마니노프(Sergei Rachmaninoff, 1873-1943)는 당시 성행하였던 러시아 민족주의 음악에서 벗어나 표트르 일리치 차이코프스키(Pyotr Ilich Tchaikovsky, 1843-1893)의 전통적 낭만주의를 따라 작품을 작곡하였다. 작곡가이자 피아니스트였던 그는 피아노 작품뿐만 아니라 성악곡, 오페라, 교향곡, 실내악곡들을 작곡하였고 풍부한 선율과 화성 그리고 멜랑콜리가 깃든 서정성이 특징인 작품을 작곡한 그는 지휘자로서도 명성을 높였다. 라흐마니노프가 유일하게 작곡한「첼로와 피아노를 위한 소나타 (Sonata for Cello and Piano in g minor, Op.19)」(1901)는 그가 당대 최고의 피아니스트였던 만큼 피아노의 복잡하고 뛰어난 기교와 카덴차를 삽입함으로서 피아노 위주로 진행되는 독창적인 작곡기법을 사용하여 완성한 곡이다. 이 작품은 4개의 악장을 가진 작품이다. 느린 도입부로 시작하는 1악장의 조성은 g minor이며 제시부, 발전부, 재현부, 코다 구성을 가진 소나타 형식이지만, 재현부에서는 제1주제가 생략된 변형된 소나타 형식이다. 2악장은 c minor로 빠른 스케르초풍을 가진 A-B-A-Coda로 구성된 복합 3부분형식이다. 3악장은 E♭Major로 서정적인 느린 3부분 형식, 4악장은 G Major로 1악장과 동일하게 도입부, 제시부, 발전부, 재현부, 코다 구성을 가진 소나타 형식이다. 본 논문은 라흐마니노프의「첼로와 피아노를 위한 소나타 (Sonata for Cello and Piano in g minor, Op.19)」(1901)에 관한 작품분석으로 라흐마니노프의 생애와 작품의 구조적인 특징, 음악적 특징에 대해 알아보고 라흐마니노프의 음악을 연주 하는데 도움을 얻고자 한다.;The thesis is a study on Sergei Rachmaninoff’s 「 Sonata for Cello and Piano in g minor, Op. 19」and includes a discussion of his life and musical style as relative reference. Around 1860, as Nationalism spread throughout Eastern Europe, including having strong impact on Russian music. However, Sergei Rachmaninoff did not follow this trend. He instead was inspired by Tchaikovsky, following a more traditional western romantic musical style. Rachmaninoff became one of the most influential Russian composers representing late romantic into contemporary music. He was a success as a composer, conductor, and pianist. Rachmaninoff composed only one cello sonata throughout his composition works. His sonata is represented by lyrical lines and strong expression. It also includes unique compositional techniques which were a signature of Rachmaninoff at the turn of the century. As a virtuoso pianist, the piano parts in his music play a much larger role than just as an accompanist; with the demands normally of solo piano works. The entire composition follows a variation of the common Romantic era four movement sonata structure. The first movement has a sonata form (exposition, development, recapitulation) with slow introduction plus coda. This sonata form is altered, however, in that the first theme is absent in the recapitulation. Next, instead of being followed by a slow movement, the order is switched, with the second movement being the scherzo. This second movement, a composite ternary form with coda, is in c minor, the subdominant key area. The third movement is the slow movement that is also in ternary form; it is in the relative key (E♭Major) of the second movement. A characteristic of this movement is piano and cello alternating between a main lyrical and secondary melancholic melody throughout. The last movement returns to the first movement’s tonic, but is now in the parallel key (G Major). This movement is also in sonata (exposition—development—recapitulation) form with introduction and coda. This thesis examines Sergei Rachmaninoff’s Sonata for Cello and Piano in g minor, Op. 19. Through this study, the thesis aims to correlates his musical life, general musical style and the structure, chords and characteristics of the work. By studying Rachmaninoff’s compositional style, it enhances understanding of both his music and the romantic period in general attempting to enrich performance skills.