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Creation of quark-gluon plasma droplets with three distinct geometries

Title
Creation of quark-gluon plasma droplets with three distinct geometries
Authors
Aidala, C.Akiba, Y.Alfred, M.Andrieux, VAoki, K.Apadula, N.Asano, H.Ayuso, C.Azmoun, B.Babintsev, VBagoly, A.Bandara, N. S.Barish, K. N.Bathe, S.Bazilevsky, A.Beaumier, M.Belmont, R.Berdnikov, A.Berdnikov, Y.Blau, D. S.Boer, M.Bok, J. S.Brooks, M. L.Bryslawskyj, J.Bumazhnov, VButler, C.Campbell, S.Roman, V. CanoaCervantes, R.Chi, C. Y.Chiu, M.Choi, I. J.Choi, J. B.Citron, Z.Connors, M.Cronin, N.Csanad, M.Csorgo, T.Danley, T. W.Daugherity, M. S.David, G.DeBlasio, K.Dehmelt, K.Denisov, A.Deshpande, A.Desmond, E. J.Dion, A.Dixit, D.Liu, L. D.Do, J. H.Drees, A.Drees, K. A.Dumancic, M.Durham, J. M.Durum, A.Elder, T.Enokizono, A.En'yo, H.Esumi, S.Fadem, B.Fan, W.Feege, N.Fields, D. E.Finger, M., Jr.Fokin, S. L.Frantz, J. E.Franz, A.Frawley, A. D.Fukuda, Y.Gal, C.Gallus, P.Garg, P.Ge, H.Giordano, F.Goto, Y.Grau, N.Greene, S., VPerdekamp, M. GrosseGunji, T.Guragain, H.Hachiya, T.Haggerty, J. S.Hahn, K., IHamagaki, H.Hamilton, H. F.Han, S. Y.Hanks, J.Hasegawa, S.Haseler, T. O. S.He, X.Hemmick, T. K.Hill, J. C.Hill, K.Hodges, A.Hollis, R. S.Homma, K.Hong, B.Hoshino, T.Hotvedt, N.Huang, J.Huang, S.Imai, K.Imrek, J.Inaba, M.Iordanova, A.Isenhower, D.Ito, Y.Ivanishchev, D.Jacak, B., VJezghani, M.Ji, Z.Jiang, X.Johnson, B. M.Jorjadze, VJouan, D.Jumper, D. S.Kang, J. H.Kapukchyan, D.Karthas, S.Kawall, D.Kazantsev, A., VKhachatryan, VKhanzadeev, A.Kim, C.Kim, D. J.Kim, E-JKim, M.Kim, M. H.Kincses, D.Kistenev, E.Klatsky, J.Kline, P.Koblesky, T.Kotov, D.Kudo, S.Kurgyis, B.Kurita, K.Kwon, Y.Lajoie, J. G.Lallow, E. O.Lebedev, A.Lee, S.Lee, S. H.Leitch, M. J.Leung, Y. H.Lewis, N. A.Li, X.Lim, S. H.Liu, M. X.Loggins, V-RLokos, S.Lovasz, K.Lynch, D.Majoros, T.Makdisi, Y., IMakek, M.Malaev, M.Manko, V., IMannel, E.Masuda, H.McCumber, M.McGaughey, P. L.McGlinchey, D.McKinney, C.Mendoza, M.Mignerey, A. C.Mihalik, D. E.Milov, A.Mishra, D. K.Mitchell, J. T.Mitsuka, G.Miyasaka, S.Mizuno, S.Montuenga, P.Moon, T.Morrison, D. P.Morrow, S., IMurakami, T.Murata, J.Nagai, K.Nagashima, K.Nagashima, T.Nagle, J. L.Nagy, M., INakagawa, INakagomi, H.Nakano, K.Nattrass, C.Niida, T.Nouicer, R.Novak, T.Novitzky, N.Novotny, R.Nyanin, A. S.O'Brien, E.Ogilvie, C. A.Koop, J. D. OrjuelaOsborn, J. D.Oskarsson, A.Ottino, G. J.Ozawa, K.Pantuev, VPapavassiliou, VPark, J. S.Park, S.Pate, S. F.Patel, M.Peng, W.Perepelitsa, D., VPerera, G. D. N.Peressounko, D. YuPerezLara, C. E.Perry, J.Petti, R.Phipps, M.Pinkenburg, C.Pisani, R. P.Pun, A.Purschke, M. L.Radzevich, P., VRead, K. F.Reynolds, D.Riabov, VRiabov, Y.Richford, D.Rinn, T.Rolnick, S. D.Rosati, M.Rowan, Z.Runchey, J.Safonov, A. S.Sakaguchi, T.Sako, H.Samsonov, VSarsour, M.Sato, K.Sato, S.Schaefer, B.Schmoll, B. K.Sedgwick, K.Seidl, R.Sen, A.Seto, R.Sexton, A.Sharma, D.Shein, IShibata, T-AShigaki, K.Shimomura, M.Shioya, T.Shukla, P.Sickles, A.Silva, C. L.Silvermyr, D.Singh, B. K.Singh, C. P.Singh, VSkoby, M. J.Slunecka, M.Smith, K. L.Snowball, M.Soltz, R. A.Sondheim, W. E.Sorensen, S. P.Sourikova, I., VStankus, P. W.Stoll, S. P.Sugitate, T.Sukhanov, A.Sumita, T.Sun, J.Sun, Z.Syed, S.Sziklai, J.Takeda, A.Tanida, K.Tannenbaum, M. J.Tarafdar, S.Taranenko, A.Tarnai, G.Tieulent, R.Timilsina, A.Todoroki, T.Tomasek, M.Towell, C. L.Towell, R. S.Tserruya, IUeda, Y.Ujvari, B.van Hecke, H. W.Vazquez-Carson, S.Velkovska, J.Virius, M.Vrba, V.Vukman, N.Wang, X. R.Wang, Z.Watanabe, Y.Watanabe, Y. S.Wong, C. P.Woody, C. L.Xu, C.Xu, Q.Xue, L.Yalcin, S.Yamaguchi, Y. L.Yamamoto, H.Yanovich, A.Yin, P.Yoo, J. H.Yoon, IYu, H.Yushmanov, I. E.Zajc, W. A.Zelenski, A.Zharko, S.Zou, L.|PHENIX Collaboration
Ewha Authors
한인식
SCOPUS Author ID
한인식scopusscopusscopus
Issue Date
2019
Journal Title
NATURE PHYSICS
ISSN
1745-2473JCR Link

1745-2481JCR Link
Citation
NATURE PHYSICS vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 214 - +
Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
Indexed
SCIE; SCOPUS WOS scopus
Document Type
Article
Abstract
Experimental studies of the collisions of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies have established the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of hot, dense nuclear matter in which quarks and gluons are not bound into hadrons(1-4). In this state, matter behaves as a nearly inviscid fluid(5) that efficiently translates initial spatial anisotropies into correlated momentum anisotropies among the particles produced, creating a common velocity field pattern known as collective flow. In recent years, comparable momentum anisotropies have been measured in small-system proton-proton (p+p) and proton-nucleus (p+A) collisions, despite expectations that the volume and lifetime of the medium produced would be too small to form a QGP. Here we report on the observation of elliptic and triangular flow patterns of charged particles produced in proton-gold (p+Au), deuteron-gold (d+Au) and helium-gold (He-3+Au) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The unique combination of three distinct initial geometries and two flow patterns provides unprecedented model discrimination. Hydrodynamical models, which include the formation of a short-lived QGP droplet, provide the best simultaneous description of these measurements.
DOI
10.1038/s41567-018-0360-0
Appears in Collections:
사범대학 > 과학교육과 > Journal papers
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