Efficiency of well-diversified portfolios: Evidence from data envelopment analysis

Abstract

In this work, we evaluate eight exchange traded funds (ETFs) and their benchmark index (the KOSPI 200 Index), based on the Sharpe ratio and the Treynor ratio and find that the performance of these well-diversified portfolios are quite poor relative to individual stocks. Investors׳ preference to avoid the well-diversified portfolios would be related to this poor performance. However, we empirically show that ETFs and the KOSPI 200 Index are the most efficient investment instruments with respect to the new performance measure designed on the basis of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology. Examining the panel data over the period between 2003 and 2014 indicates that well-diversified portfolios improve the efficiency by adjusting the input variables (σ and β). Furthermore, they do so more effectively as they mature. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd