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dc.contributor.advisorThomas Kalinowski-
dc.contributor.author최미지-
dc.creator최미지-
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-26T04:08:33Z-
dc.date.available2016-08-26T04:08:33Z-
dc.date.issued2014-
dc.identifier.otherOAK-000000089673-
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/211703-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dcollection.ewha.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000089673-
dc.description.abstract이 논문은 개발도상국의 지속적인 노동 환경이 왜 해결되지 않고 실질적으로 개선되지 않고 있는 것에 대한 의문을 제기한다. 방글라데시의 기성복 의류 산업(ready-made garment industry, 이하 RMG산업) 사례를 통해 살펴본다. 방글라데시의 RMG산업은 수출 물량을 늘리고 빈민들에게 채용 기회를 제공함으로써 국가 경제의 중요한 부분을 차지해오고 있는 반면, 열악한 근무 조건은 지속되어왔다. 이에 따라, 구체적으로 다양한 부문에서 노동 환경 개선을 위한 다양한 노력을 함에도 불구하고 RMG 산업의 열악한 근무환경이 왜 지속되고 있는지에 대해 질문하고, 각 부문들이 노동환경을 개선시키기 위해 어떤 노력을 해왔는지, 95년 RMG 산업에서 아동 노동이 어떻게 성공적으로 폐지될 수 있었는지를 연구하며 구체적 답변을 찾는다. 연구 결과로, 시민사회와 다국적 기업들이 노동 문제에 관해 대중들에게 알리는 것에는 성공했지만, 각기 다른 관심사 때문에 노동 환경의 실질적인 변화에는 한계가 있었음을 밝힌다. 또한, 정부의 제한적인 역할과 저임금 노동으로 경제의 경쟁력을 확보하기 위한 노력으로 인해 상대적으로 노동 인권 보호에는 소홀한 것으로 보인다. 더불어, 정부와 기업의 부적절한 담합이 노동 환경을 개선시키는 것에 대한 또 다른 장애물로 발견되었다. 한편, 아동 노동의 폐지는 국제기구 및 선진국 정부의 국제 협력은 아동 노동자들을 열악한 환경의 공장에서 학교의 교육을 받을 수 있도록 이동시키는 데에 성공적인 역할을 한 것으로 보인다.;This thesis tries to figure out why the long lasting labor problems have not shown practical improvement in the developing world, by looking at the case of the Bangladeshi ready-made garment (RMG) industry. The RMG industry in Bangladesh has been an important economic leading sector by growing export volumes and creating employment for the poor. However, the poor working conditions have been perennial in the RMG industry. The thesis mainly questions why the poor working conditions in the RMG sector remain a problem despite many attempts to improve the situation. To answer the question, the paper studies which measures and institutions have been more successful in improving working conditions, and why the initiative to abolish child labor was successful. This paper argues that the CSOs and TNCs/MNCs successfully addressed labor problems to the public, but their work was curbed in practical changes because of their own interests. The lack of government capacity and intention of sustaining competitiveness led to a lack of consideration for protecting workers’ rights. Further, the collusion between the government and business has been identified as another barrier to improving working conditions. The abolishment of child labor was successful in that children workers were moved from the factories to the schools with international cooperation.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsI. Introduction 1 A. Background 2 1. Building collapse in the Bangladeshi Ready Made Garment (RMG) industry 2 2. Globalization, TNCs/MNCs and sweatshops 3 3. Rise of garment industry 5 4. Social movements and CSR in developing countries 6 5. International labor principles and standards 7 B. Research Questions and Hypothesis 9 1. Research Question 9 2. Hypothesis 11 II. Conceptual Framework, Methodology, Definition and Implication 17 A. Conceptual Framework 17 B. Methodology 19 C. Definition 20 D. Implication 23 III. Outline 25 IV. Literature Reviews 26 A. CSR theories and global governance of TNCs/MNCs 26 1. Criticism of CSR 29 2. The gap between statements and implementation 30 3. Corporate accountability concern 33 4. The private and public regulation as a pendulum within the global system 35 B. Responses from the international community 37 1. Social movement 38 2. Private governance: corporate codes of conduct and retailers’ power leveraging 41 3. Cooperative initiatives 44 C. Business and human rights 46 D. Child labor theories 48 V. Overview of Bangladesh 51 A. Economic Development and Poverty Level in Bangladesh 51 B. Social development and human rights 55 C. Development of the RMG industry in Bangladesh 59 D. Child labor in Bangladesh 68 VI. Research Findings 72 A. Working conditions in the Bangladeshi RMG industry 72 B. Governance perspectives from each institution 78 1. Public governance: the government of Bangladesh 78 2. Private governance: CSR by TNCs/MNCs and supplier factories 80 3. CSOs: NGOs and Trade Unions 82 4. Short summary 85 C. Abolishment of child labor in the RMG sector 87 1. Harkin Bill and the process of child labor protests 87 2. Stance from local NGOs, government and factory owners 89 3. Results of the MOU of abolishing children workers 91 4. Evaluation of the MOU and after 92 5. Impact on the general workers in the factories 95 VII. Conclusions 98 A. Summary of key findings 98 B. Suggestions 102 References 104 Appendix 114 Abstract in Korean 116-
dc.formatapplication/pdf-
dc.format.extent2015752 bytes-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisher이화여자대학교 국제대학원-
dc.subject.ddc300-
dc.titleHow to Improve Working Conditions in the Developing World-
dc.typeMaster's Thesis-
dc.title.subtitleEvaluating Government, Private and Civil Society Initiatives in the Garment Industry in Bangladesh-
dc.creator.othernameChoi, Mi Ji-
dc.format.pagexi, 116 p.-
dc.identifier.thesisdegreeMaster-
dc.identifier.major국제대학원 국제학과-
dc.date.awarded2014. 8-
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