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dc.contributor.advisor조기숙-
dc.contributor.authorMunis, Jamila Mbarouk-
dc.creatorMunis, Jamila Mbarouk-
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-26T04:08:19Z-
dc.date.available2016-08-26T04:08:19Z-
dc.date.issued2014-
dc.identifier.otherOAK-000000087680-
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/211585-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dcollection.ewha.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000087680-
dc.description.abstractThe media is a medium of communication between the mass and those who hold public offices. It is an important player during elections, specifically through voter education and coverage during election campaign which mostly focuses on parties’ manifesto. This is of no exception for the United Republic of Tanzania. This study investigates the role of print media in enhancing democracy during the Presidential and Parliamentary elections, a case of two general elections for year 2005 and 2010. The survey is limited to Dar-es- Salaam region which is the commercial capital. This is due to the fact that it’s a diverse city and time limitation for the researcher. The qualitative and quantitative research methods are used in this study. The purpose of this thesis is to study media participation and its influence on the Presidential and Parliamentary elections. This study intensively analyzes how the print media enhance democracy during the Presidential and Parliamentary elections through media coverage. The study takes into consideration the nature of the articles in the newspapers concerning the Presidential and Parliamentary elections, the impact and influence of the print media to the mass. Online version and printout of the newspapers during the two elections are reviewed to find the tune and coverage. To investigate the media influence, the Orthodoxy theory which claims that the media influences little on people’s voting decisions during elections is employed. The Revisionist Theory on voting behaviour is also employed in this research. This theory posits that media persuade a target’s idea to attract attention through amazing headline for a political purpose; revisionist theory puts the interaction between citizens and political elites. Findings reveal that majority of the respondents agree that print media play the great role in the presidential and parliamentary elections of the 2005 and 2010 in Tanzania. While the media acts as catalyst to mobilize the mass to vote, and spreads voter education through coverage, conflict of interests emerges as a problem to a session of outlets. This is manifested when the agenda of media owners is given a high priority and hence professionalism is likely to be set aside. This in turn affects the public since what is happening on the ground is not really the one covered. However, there are various avenues that media use to present their work but this study is limited to the print media since they are considered most important in setting agenda. This study adds knowledge in the area of media and election in the reference to the United Republic of Tanzania and East Africa in general. The author advised further study in the area to increase the scope of media such as electronic and emerging media.;미디어는 대중과 공공기관에 종사하는 사람들 사이의 의사소통 매체이다. 언론은 특히 대부분 후보자들의 공약에 초점을 맞추고 선거운동기간 동안 유권자교육과정을 통해 유권자에게 영향을 미치는 중요한 역할을 한다. 이는 탄자니아에서도 예외가 아니다. 이 연구는 2005년, 2010년 두 번의 대통령 및 의회선거 기간 동안 인쇄 매체가 민주주의를 강화시켰는지 그 역할을 연구한다. 미디어의 선거참여가 유권자의 투표독려에 영향을 미쳤는지, 유권자의 선택에 영향을 미쳤는지 설문조사를 통해 실시한다. 설문조사는 시간적 제약으로 인해 상업수도인 다르에스살람 지역으로 제한한다. 이 연구는 정량적, 정성적 연구방법을 사용했다. 이 연구에서 미디어의 영향을 조사하기 위해, 선거기간 동안 미디어가 사람들의 투표결정에 영향을 미치지 않는다는 정통이론을 소개한다. 그러나 본 연구는 투표행위에 영향을 미친다는 수정주의이론을 검토할 것이다. 탄자니아의 인쇄매체는 특정 정치적인 목적을 위해 헤드라인을 통한 관심 끌기 등의 방법으로 사람들을 설득하고, 또한 국민과 정치엘리트들 사이에서 상호작용을 돕는다. 본 연구는 응답자의 대부분 인쇄매체가 탄자니아의2005년과 2010년 대통령 및 의회선거에서 큰 역할을 한다는 것을 발견했다. 미디어는 대중이 투표하도록 동원하는 촉매역할을 하고 보도를 통해 유권자 교육을 시킨다. 그러나 미디어 소유주의 아젠다에 우선순위가 주어지고 직업정신이 밀려나면 이익의 갈등이 발생한다. 미디어에는 다양한 종류가 있지만 인쇄매체가 아젠다형성 기능에 있어서 가장 중요하므로 본 연구는 인쇄 매체로 제한 된다. 그러나 전자매체 및 신흥 미디어와 같은 매체의 범위를 확장시키는 더 많은 연구가 필요하다고 생각한다.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsI.INTRODUCTION 1 A. Freedom of Speech 3 B. Access to Information 3 C. Free and fair election 4 D. Criteria of Democratic Process (Effective Participation) 5 E. Functions of the National Electoral Commission 5 F. Brief History of Media in Tanzania 6 G. Online Media 7 H. Print Media 7 I. Tanzania Experience with Participation 8 J. Media Principles in Reporting Elections 9 K. Role of the Media in the Elections 10 L. Public Access to Mass Media 13 M. Influence and Impact of the Media to the Society 14 II. THEORY AND LITERATURE REVIEW 20 A. Orthodoxy Theory on Voting Behavior 20 B. Revisionist Theory 21 III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 28 A. Research design 28 B. Area Of The Study 28 C. Population Of The Study 29 D. Sampling Procedure And Technique 29 E. Data Collection Process 31 IV. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 32 A. General Respondents 32 B. Age Of Respondents 33 C. Educational Level Of Respondents By Gender 33 D. Occupations Of The Respondents 34 E. Role of Print Media During Presidential and Parliamentary General Election of 2005 and 2010 36 F. Newspaper Coverage During General Election of Stories During Presidential and Parliamentary Elections of 2005 and 2010 42 G. Fairness (Equality) of Print Media in Reporting and Publishing News During Presidential and Parliamentary Elections of 2005 and 2010 46 H. The Influence and Impact of Print Media on Voters’ Choice in the Presidential and Parliamentary Elections of 2005 and 2010 52 I. Impact of Print Media’s Participation in the Presidential and Parliamentary Elections (2005 and 2010 Voters’ Turn Out) 57 V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 63 A. Recommendations for Improvement 68 REFERENCES 73 APPENDICES 79 APPENDIX 1 79 APPENDIX 2 81 APPENDIX 3 89 APPENDIX 4 94 APPENDIX 5 95 APPENDIX 6 96 APPENDIX 7 97 ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 98-
dc.formatapplication/pdf-
dc.format.extent1508967 bytes-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisher이화여자대학교 국제대학원-
dc.subject.ddc300-
dc.titleTHE ROLE OF PRINT MEDIA IN ENHANCING DEMOCRACRY DURING PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS-
dc.typeMaster's Thesis-
dc.title.subtitleA CASE STUDY OF UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA 2005 AND 2010 GENERAL ELECTIONS-
dc.format.pagexiii, 98 p.-
dc.identifier.thesisdegreeMaster-
dc.identifier.major국제대학원 국제학과-
dc.date.awarded2014. 8-
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