幼兒의 一常運動 狀況이 健康度와 運動能力에 미치는 影響

Abstract

本 硏究의 목적은, 幼兒의 日常運動狀況이 健康度와 運動能力에 미치는 影響과 關聯度를 檢討하는데에 있다. 이러한 目的을 달성하기 위해서, 硏究方法으로는 3개 幼稚園의 3 ~ 6세 幼兒 305명을 대상으로 설정하였다. 統計處理는 S.P.S.S를 이용하여 分散分析(ANOVA)에 의하여 처리하였다. 運動能力과 體格의 測定結果는 같은 尺度에서 비교하기 위하여 H-Score로 환산하여 分析하였다. 硏究結果는 다음과 같다. 日常運動狀況이 健康度와 運動能力에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여, 理論的 根據下에서 假說을 樹立하고, 그 假說을 檢證한 결과, 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1) 놀이場所에 따라, 健康度와 運動能力은 有意한 差를 가지고 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며(P< 0.01), 놀이場所別로는 活動量이 많은 屋外놀이가 屋內놀이보다 健康度와 運動能力의 점수가 높았다. 2) 놀이種類에 따라 健康度와 運動能力은 有意한 差를 가지고 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 (P< 0.01), 놀이種類別로는 動的인 놀이가 靜的인 놀이보다 健康度와 運動能力의 점수가 높았다. 3) 놀이時間으로 볼때, 屋外놀이時間에 따라 健康度와 運動能力은 有意한 差를 가지고 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며(P< 0.01), 屋外놀이時間이 많을수록 健康度와 運動能力의 점수가 높았다. 屋內놀이時間에 따라서는 運動能力이 有意한 差를 가지고 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며(P< 0.01) ,屋內놀이時間이 적을수륵 運動能力의 점수가 높았다. 健廉度는 屋內놀이時間에 따라 統計的으로 有意한 差는 나타나지 않았다(P> 0.05). 4) 課外活勳參加有無 (피아노, 그림, 주산, 웅변, 글자익히기)에 따라 健廉度는 有意한 差를 나타내었는데(P< 0.01), 參加하지 않은 集團이 參加集團보다 健康度의 점수가 높았다. 그러나, 運動能力은 課外活動參加有無에 따라 統計的으로 有意한 差는 나타나지 않았다(P> 0.05). 또, 課外活動參加頻度는 健康度와 運動能力에서 有意한 差가 나타나지 않았다(P> 0.05). 5) 스포츠교실(태권도, 체조, 수영 , 무용)이나 스포츠클럽(축구, 야구)의 參加有無에 따라 健康度와 運動能力은 有意한 差를 가지고 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며(P< 0.05), 參加集團이 參加하지 않은 集團보다 健康度와 運動能力의 점수가 높았다. 6) 休日의 家族레크레이션參加有無에 따라 健康度는 有意한 差를 나타냈으며(P< 0.01), 參加頻度에 있어서도 有意한 差를 가지고 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(P< 0.05). 參加集團이 參加하지 않은 集團보다 健康度의 점수가 높았으며, 參加頻度가 높을수록 健康度의 점수가 높았다. 그러나, 運動能力은 家族레크레이션參加有無나 頻度에 따라 統計的으로 有意한 差가 나타나지 않았다( P> 0.05). 7) 1日 TV視聽時間에 따라 健康度는 有意한 差를 가지고 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며(P< 0.05), TV視聽時間이 적을수록 健康度의 점수가 높았다. 그러나, 運動能力은 TV視聽時間에 따라 統計的으로 有意한 差는 나타나지 않았다(P> 0.05). 8) 屋外놀이친구수에 따라 運動能力은 有意한 差를 가지고 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며(P< 0.05), 屋外놀이친구수가 많을수록 運動能力의 점수가 높았다. 그러나, 健康度는 屋外놀이친구수에 따라 有意한 差는 나타나지 않았다(P> 0 .05).;The purpose of this study was to examine both the effecrs of children's daily exercise habit on health level and motor ability and the degree of relationship among these elements. For this study, 305 children ranging of 3 to 6 in the ages in three kindergartens were selected as study subjects. Statistical process was made by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The measurement result of motor ability and physique was a analyzed in the form of H-Score transformation in order to compare between different scale of measurement. The results were as follows: 1) In place of exercise, there were significant differences in health level and motor ability (p<0.01). Out-door exercise which was composed of much activities was higher scores than In-door exercise in health level and motor ability. 2) In items of exercise, there were significant difference in health level and motor ability (p<0.01). Active, exercise showed higher scores than inactive exercise in health level and motor ability. 3) In time spending of exercise, there were significant dlfferences in health level and motor ability (p<0.01). The more time for out-door exercise was, the higher scores of health level and motor ability were. And the less time for in-door exercise was, the higher scores of motor ability. It was noted that there were no significant time spending differences for indoor exercise in health level (p>0.05). 4) Health level showed a significant differences in case of attending extra-curricular activities such as playing piano, drawing, counting on an abacus, speech and getting accustomed to alphabetical letters. Non-participant group had higher scores than participant group in health level. But whether children participated or not did not influence on motor ability. Participant group had higher scores than , non-particpant group in both lealth level and motor ability. 5) Attending sports class such as TAKWONDO, gymnastics, swimming, dancing, soccer and baseball showed significant differences in health level and motor ability (p<0.05). Participant group had higher scores than non-participant group in health level and motor ability. 6) For health level, there were significant differences in participation of family recreation on holiday (p<0.01) and in frequency (p<0.05). Holiday-family-recreation-partici-pant group had higher scores than non-participant group in health level. And the more frequently the group participated, the higher scores of t h e group was. But motor ability was not influenced by participation or non-participation and frequency of participation. 7) In duration of watching T.V a day, there were significant differences in health level (p<0.059. The less hours of watching T.V were, the higher scores of health level were. But motor ability was not Influenced by hours of watching T.V. 8) On the number of friends in out-door exercise, there were no significant differences in health level, but motor ability showed significant differences (p<0.05). The more friends in out-door exercise children had, the higher scores of motor ability were.