한국사회사업가의 비밀보장윤리에 관한 연구

Abstract

본 연구는 Denver대학의 박사학위논문 "The Ethic of Confidentiality : An Exploration of Utah Social Workers' Involvement With Confidentiality And Perceptions of Common Violrations And Misuses"의 재적용으로 전문직으로서의 가치와 윤리를 지닌 사회사업가가 실무를 통해 비밀보장의 윤리를 어떻게 인식하며 실천하고 있는지를 알아보고자 문헌고찰과 본 조사결과를 Utah주 사회사업가를 대상으로 조사한 결과와 비교 분석하였다. 조사결과를 요약해 보면 우리나라의 사회사업가는 클라이언트를 자료입수의 주요 대상으로 보았으며 클라이언트의 자료를 이용하거나 서비스를 제공할 때에는 클라이언트의 동의를 받아야 한다고 했다. 또한 사업사업가는 클라이언트의 기록을 외부로 휴대하거나 클라이언트에 관한 자료가 유출되지 않도록 유의해야 하는등 기본적인 비밀보장윤리를 충분히 인식하고 있었다. 그러나 실무에 있어 우연히 비밀보장과 관련된 이야기를 듣거나 사회사업가의 가족이나 친구들과 함께 클라이언트에 대한 이야기를 하는등 무의식적인 비밀보장위반이 일어나고 있었다. 특히 클라이언트에 대한 자료입수에 있어 사회사업가는 클라이언트 외의 대상을 매우 중시하고 신뢰하는 경향이 있었는데 이것은 사회사업가와 클라이언트간의 신뢰를 바탕으로 성립되는 비밀보장윤리의 충실한 이행에 어긋나는 것이며 또한 클라이언트가 자기결정 능력을 발휘할 수 있는 클라이언트의 기록청구권을 부정하였다는 것은 변화 발전하는 오늘날의 사회에서 시대에 뒤떨어진 고답적 자세라 하겠다. 따라서 이에 대한 대책으로 1. 실무에 필요한 구체적인 비밀보장윤리의 방침 마련 2. 전문가의 양성모체인 학교교육의 강화 3. 실무자의 자질과 능력개발을 위한 각종 세미나와 워어크샵의 필요성을 제시하였다.;This study is a replication of the Ph.D dissertation of University of Denver by T. Brent Price: "THE ETHIC OF CONFIDENTIALITY; AN EXPLORATION OF UTAH SOCIAL WORKERS'INVOLVENENT WITH CONFIDENTIALITY AND PERCEPTIONS OF COMMON VIOLATIONS AND MISUSES" This research sought to explore the nature and extent of social workers' involvement with and perception on the ethic of confidentiality. Social workers' involvement with confidentiality was conceptualized as social work values operationalized as ethics. Confidentiality is an ethic based upon the value of privacy. The objectives of this research were two-fold; 1. To discover the extent and nature of social workers' involvement with and perception on issues of confidentiality and to learn the types and depth of such involvement and perception. 2. To verify the generalization of the questionaire which was used for social workers in Utah. The available literature addressing confidentiality in the social work profession was presented in the following areas: access to records, release of information and privileged com munication. The research was divided into two parts. Part Ⅰ elicited respondents' demographic characteristics. Part Ⅱ elicited followings : a . respondents' involvement with confidential issues b . respondents' attitudes toward client access, information gathering, information utilization, practices and policies, perceived problems with confidentiality, and violations and access of others to clinical records c. respondents' judgements concerning confidentiality d. respondents' perceptions of violations of confidentiality. Findings revealed that social workers perceived the basic requirements for confidentiality as follows: 1. They view the client as the primary source of information 2. Social workers want the client's consent for service and the utilization of the client's information. 3. They disagree in taking the records out of the agency while agreeing to be careful not to divulge the client's information. But in practice they experience the violance of confidentiality unconsciously like overhearing the confidential information and discussing about the client with their family and friends. And they have tendency to believe the information source other than the client more than the client himself, which needs some consideration when confidentiality is based upon the confidence between the social worker and client. Social workers disagree client to have the right for the access to records which can improve the client's self-decision ability. There were some different results with Price's research results including the results mentioned above. And these different results are from 15 questions which is 34.9 percent of 44 questions. Which means the research of University of Denver can be generalized. And for the solution to the problems in social work practice. 1. Social workers need to have defined guidelines about the confidentiality. 2. It is necessary to reinforce the curriculum in social work educational system. 3. There must be some opportunity for the social work practitioner to have continuing education like seminars and workshops.