도시 일개 병원에 내원한 임신부의 영양섭취 상태 및 그 관련요인에 관한 조사연구

Abstract

Aiming at the total 240 pregnant women including those 4 groups nullipara 1st, 2nd half pregnancy, parturient women 1st and 2nd half pregnancy who visited the antenatal clinic at Il Sin christian hospital in Pusan. We have conducted a research study on the socio-economic characteristics, maternal child healths, nutritional knowledge practice and the status of nutrients-intake which has utilized the application of convenient method. We also analyzed the factors which might influence on the prevalent condition of nutrients-intake, during the period of Dec. 21, 1985 to Janu. 20, 1986. And we have obtained the following conclusion. 1. Age distribution showed that 57.9% were between the age of 25 to 29 years old, and 55.8% were high school graduates. Regarding socio-economic status, 31.7% owned their house and 56.7% were leasing. The monthly household income of 51.3% was 200-390 thound won. 83.8% were hous-wives and 5.8% of them were public officials. 46.7% of their husbands were a company employee. 2. Regarding obstetric history, 58.3% of nullipara were primigravida and 31,7% of nullipara had experienced artificial abortion, and 51..7% of parturient women had an induced abortion, A previons natural abortion occured in 16,6% of nullipara women and in 21.6% of paptupIent women. 81.7% of parturient women had one living child. 3. 88.3% of the delivery place of parturient women was a hospital or private clinic and 80.0% were delivered by doctor. 48.7% of those observees received antenatal care regularly and there was no significant difference between nullipara and parturient women. 42.1% of surveyed women received nutrition education and the doctor was the most common source of the education(69.3%). 4. Regarding pregnant weight gain, 45.0% of nullipara and 53.3% of parturient women were within normal range(normal weight gain±20%) by gestational weeks. 5. In the state of nutritional knowledge and practice, those who scored more than 80 points were 68.3%, the score of nutritional knowledge is more good points than Practice. 6. Those adhering to a diet during pregnancy showed that 31.1% prefered fish, meat and beans; 24.6% liked milk and fruits. The most common foods abstained were coffee, alcohol, tobacco and cola. Multivitamins were being used by 31.7%, iron supplements by 35.4% and an intake of herbal medicine by 12.0%. 7. Regarding daily nutrient intakes, total Calorie intake was 1,815 kcal, Protein was 78.1gm, Fat was 46.6gm, Carbohydrate was 319.2gm and calorie composition ratio was Carbohydrate 64%; Protein 16%: Fat 20%. Other nutrient intakes were Calcium 860.9mg, Iron 20.1mg, Vitamin A 5,205 I.U., ThiamIn 1.24mg, Riboflavin 1.45mg, Niacin 19.85mg, Vitamin C 75.77mg per day. 8. In the correlation between nutrients-intake and related factors, the survey revealed slight relation between age and intake of iron, education, income and intake of fat, occupation and intake of protein, house owner and Intake of protein, fat, calcium and iron. The survey also revealed definite correlation between 2nd half pregnant women and intake of all nutrients except fat, and between nutritional knowledge, Practice and intake of all nutrients especially fat and calcium.;1985년 12월 21일부터 1986년 1월 20일에 걸쳐 대도시 병원 산부인과에 내원한 임신부 240명을 중심으로 설문지법에 의한 면담을 통하여 사회경제상태, 모자보건상태, 임신부에 관한 영양지식 및 실천에 관한 상태, 영양섭취상태를 조사하고 임신부 영양섭취상태와 관련된 제 요인을 규명하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 조사대상자의 연령은 25-29 세가 57.9%로 가장 많았고 교육은 고졸이 55.8%, 수입은 20-39 만원이 51.3%, 주거상태는 전세가 56.7%로 가장 많았다. 2. 산과력은 초산부의 58.3%가 첫 임신이었고 31.7%에서 인공유산의 경험이 있었으며 경산부에서는 51.7%에서 인공유산의 경험이 있었다. 자연유산은 초산부에서 16.6%, 경산부에서 21.6%에서 경험이 있었다. 경산부에서 생존자녀수는 한 자녀가 81.7%로 대부분을 차지하고 있었다. 3. 경산부에 있어 전 임신시 분만장소는 병 ·의원 분만이 88.3%로 가장 맡았고 분만보조인은 의사가 80.0%였다. 산전관리는 48.7%에서 규칙적으로 받고 있었으며 영양교육은 42.1%에서 받았으며 의사에게서 직접 받은 사람이 69.3 %였다. 4. 식생활 실태조사에서 영양지식과 실천은 .영양지식에 비해 실천이 따르지 못하고 있는것으로 나타났으며 지식과 실천을 합했을 때100 점 만점에서 80 점 이상이 68.3%를 차지하였다. 5. 임신시 유의식품은 샘선, 육류, 콩 등이 31.1%, 다음이 우유와 과일로 각각 24 6 % 였으며 금기식품은 커피, 술, 담배, 콜라 등의 기호식품에 대한 금기가 가장 많았다. 비타민은 31.7 %에서, 철분제재는 35.4%에서, 보약은 12.0%에서 복용하는 것으로 나타났다. 6. 영양소 섭취량은 평균 총 칼로리가 1815kca1, 단백질 78.1mg이었으며 열량구성비율은 함수탄소 64%, 단백질 16%, 지방 20%였다. 칼슘의 섭취량은 860.9mg, 철분은 20.13mg 이었다. 7. 영양섭취량과 제 요인의 관계를 볼 때 나이와 철분섭취, 교육과 수입이 지방섭취와 관계가 있었고 직업과는 단백질섭취량과 관계가 있었으며 주택과는 단백질, 지방, 칼슘, 철분섭취와 관계가 있었다. 산전관리 여부 및 체중 증가와는 영양섭취량과 관계가 없었으나 전반기보다 후반기에서 칼로리, 함수탄소, 칼슘, 비타민 C의 섭취가 증가되는 관계를 나타냈고 특히 영양지식 및 실천과는 지방, 칼슘에 있어 가장 높은 유의적 상관관계를 보였다.