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dc.contributor.author올리비아니 나수띠온-
dc.creator올리비아니 나수띠온-
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-26T10:08:51Z-
dc.date.available2016-08-26T10:08:51Z-
dc.date.issued2008-
dc.identifier.otherOAK-000000038273-
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/201658-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dcollection.ewha.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000038273-
dc.description.abstractMany cell types control the production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in order to achieve levels of concentration that are sufficient to allow signaling processes but nontoxic to prevent oxidative stress. Candida albicans is the most common, dimorphic fungal pathogen in humans and its hyphal form causes various forms of candidiasis ranging from superficial mucosal infections to life-threatening systemic disease, predominantly in immunocompromised patients. The transition from yeast-form to hyphae is triggered by diverse factors including specific carbohydrates or amino acids, salts, pH, temperature, starvation and serum. In this study, we found that hyphal differentiation were induced by low doses of exogenous H₂O₂ (0.2-1 mM at final concentration) without causing severe cytotoxicity. To strengthen these results, we exploited two systems; the increase and decrease of endogenous intracellular H₂O₂. The former was achieved by deleting the genes, thiol-specific antioxidant (TSA) and catalase, that are responsible for degradation of intracellular H₂O₂, and the latter by the addition of ascorbic acid, an antioxidant chemical. In single gene-deleted mutants (Δtsa1 and Δcat1) and a double gene-deleted mutant (Δtsa1/Δcat1), much lower concentration of H₂O₂ was efficient to induce hyphal formation. Meanwhile, induction of hyphal differentiation by H₂O₂ was inhibited by ascorbic acid and, therefore, much higher concentration of H₂O₂ was needed for the same degree of hyphal induction as in the absence of ascorbic acid. In addition, there is non-significant effect of H₂O₂ addition to hyphae deletion strains such as Δefg1, Δcph1, Δcph1/efg1 and Δtup1. Further, using microarray analysis, we have investigated the response of H₂O₂ to hyphal growth. A suprising percentage of the genes that response specifically to hyphal development were found by addition of subtoxic and toxic levels of H₂O₂ . Taken together, H⒫O⒫ can be added on the list of agents that induce hyphal differentiation in C. albicans.;다양한 종류의 세포들은 산화 스트레스는 유발하지 않지만 신호전달을 위한 일정 농도의 H₂O₂ 생산을 조절한다. Candida albicans는 동종이형의 병원성 균으로, 균사체형은 면역저하 환자에서 표면점막 감염부터 생명을 위협하는 전신감염까지 다양한 형태의 candidiasis를 유발한다. 효모형에서 균사체형으로의 형태변화는 특정 탄수화물, 아미노산, 염, pH, 온도, 세럼 등 다양한 요인에 의해 발생한다. 본 연구에서 세포독성을 동반하지 않는 낮은 세포외 H₂O₂ 농도에서 균사체 형태로의 전환이 유도되었다. 이를 뒷받침 하기 위해 세포내 H₂O₂의 증가와 감소를 통한 두 가지 시스템을 통해 실험하였는데 세포내 H₂O₂를 분해하는 TSA와 catalase 결실 돌연변이 종에 항산화 화학물인 ascorbic acid를 첨가하였다. 유전자 하나가 결실된 TSA, CAT 결실 변이종과 TSA, CAT 유전자가 모두 결실된 이중 변이종의 균사체 형태 유도를 위해 훨씬 낮은 농도의 H₂O₂가 효과적이었다. 반면, ascorbic acid를 첨가 했을 경우 이는 균사체 형태 유도를 저해 함으로 첨가하지 않았을 때의 수준의 균사체 형태를 유도하기 위해 휠씬 높은 농도의 H2O2가 필요로 되었다. 또한 균사체 형태 분화에 관련 있는 유전자 결실 변이종인 Δefg1, Δcph1, Δcph1/efg1, Δtup1의 경우 H₂O₂ 첨가에 큰 효과를 나타내지 않았다. 게다가 독성, 준독성의 H₂O₂를 첨가 하였을 때, 균사체 성장에 관련된 유전자가 많이 발현된 것을 microarray 분석을 통해 알아내었다. 종합적으로 H₂O₂는 Candida albicans의 균사체 형태 전환 유도에 관련 있다고 생각된다.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsI. INTRODUCTION = 1 1. Hydrogen peroxide - from oxidative stressor to redox regulator = 1 2. Candida albicans = 3 3. Transcriptional control of dimorphism in Candida albicans = 3 4. Microarray analysis = 5 5. The role of morphogenesis in virulence and survival of Candida albicans upon infection by macrophage = 6 II. MATERIALS AND METHODS = 8 1. Strains and culture conditions = 8 2. Cytotoxicity test = 9 3. Microscopic examination of hyphal differentiation = 10 4. Measurement of intracellular concentration of H₂O₂ = 10 5. General molecular biology methods = 11 6. Oligonucleotides = 11 7. Genomic DNA preparation = 11 8. PCR = 12 9. Competent cell transforming = 12 10. RNA preparation = 13 11. Northern blot analysis = 13 12. Microarray analysis = 14 13. Mamalian cell culture = 16 III. RESULTS = 17 1. H₂O₂ induced hyphal differentiation of C. albicans = 17 2. Effects of intracellular H₂O₂ in TSA- and catalase-disrupted cells = 21 3. Ascorbic acid reduced the capability of H₂O₂ to induce hyphal differentiation = 26 4. Effect of hydrogen peroxide to hyphal growth in hyphae-deletion strains = 33 5. Microarray analysis and relationship to morphogenetic switch = 35 IV. DISCUSSION = 41 V. REFERENCES = 48 국문초록 = 53-
dc.formatapplication/pdf-
dc.format.extent9899098 bytes-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisher이화여자대학교 대학원-
dc.titleA Putative Function of Hydrogen Peroxide As Second Messenger To Induce Hyphal Differentiation In Candida Albicans-
dc.typeMaster's Thesis-
dc.creator.othernameOlviyani Nasution-
dc.format.pagex, 53 p.-
dc.identifier.thesisdegreeMaster-
dc.identifier.major대학원 생명·약학부생명과학전공-
dc.date.awarded2008. 2-
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