彫刻의 人體 表現에서 變形에 관한 硏究

Abstract

彫刻의 영원한 주제의 하나라 볼 수 있는 人體를 探究, 表現함에 있어 變形은 作家의 美的 經驗이나 製作 過程에서 그의 美的 欲求를 造型的으로 表現하는 것으로서, 作家의 심오한 空間感과 抽象性에 의해 특수한 美的 效果를 나타내는 하나의 중요한 表現法임으로 變形의 역할에서 造形的 特性을 糾明할 필요가 있다. 本 硏究의 目的은 人體 變形의 本質的인 硏究에서 비롯된 실제적인 作品이 現代彫刻에서 어떠한 樣相으로 表現되는 가를 20世紀 作家들의 作品을 中心으로 分析하여 그 造形的 效果를 糾明함에 있다. 本 硏究의 內容은 理論的 背景으로 美術史에서 나타난 人體의 變形과 美學的인 側面, 그리고 變形의 表現方法 等을 硏究하였으며 人體 變形의 分析에 있어서는 形式的인 側面의 分析과 作品 表現의 內容에 의한 分析으로 區分하여 검토하였다. 本 硏究의 方法은 文獻考察을 中心으로 現代彫刻 作品 中에서 任意標集하여 그 樣相을 分析했다. 硏究의 結果, 現代彫刻에서 人體 變形은 다양한 造形的 特徵을 가지며 形式的인 面에서는 單純化, 分析 및 綜合化, 誇張된 形態로 表現되었으며 內容的인 面에서는 詩情的 形態와 純粹造形的 形態로 나타났다. 그리고 그 形態는 다양한 造形的 效果를 가진다. 本 硏究에서 얻어진 結論은 現代 作家들은 人體 變形을 통해 作家의 內面의 世界를 表現하고자 하였으며 그 表現하고자 하는 目的과 方法, 그리고 環境과 時代的 狀況, 美的 意識에 따라서 그 造形的 특성이 形成된다.;A human body is one of the eternal subject of sculpture. In presentation of a human body, De´formation is to disclose formatively a beauty demand of the sculptors through the process of their experience and activities, however the formative effects of the modern arts aiming to a collective style are not being expressed clearly, nevertheless it is an important method of expression to disclose a specific beauty effect by profound sense of space and abstraction of the sculptors. The purpose of this study is to examine the formative effects closely through analysis of the works of sculptors in the 20th century regarding expression style of the actual works which were derived from substantial study of the human body De´formation in the modern sculpture. The contents of this study include: 1. Research on human body De´formation and view points of beautification revealed in the art history based on a theoletical background, 2. Reviewing analysis of human body De´formation both in the aspect of styles and contents of work expression seperately. The method of this study was effected through analysis of styles by optional sampling of modern sculpture works based on research of existing articles. As the result of the study, it was revealed that the human body De´formation had various formative characteristics that showed a simplicity, analytic and a composite art, and a style of exaggeration in the aspect of its style, and that presented a poetic and a pure formative style in the aspect of the contents. Thus the style provides various formative effects. As the conclusion of this study, though the modern sculptors have tried to express their inner world through human body De´formation, I found that the De´formation of the works is a domain of expression that is created but not reemerged by the nature itself, because the formation varies according to the objects and methods of expression, environments and situation of the generation and a beauty consciousness.