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人物畵를 통한 正常兒와 問題兒群간의 身體像의 比較 硏究

Title
人物畵를 통한 正常兒와 問題兒群간의 身體像의 比較 硏究
Other Titles
(A) Comparative study on the body image of the normal children and group of children with problems with the analysis of the draw-a-person test
Authors
朴琅圭
Issue Date
1981
Department/Major
교육대학원 교육학전공교육심리분야
Keywords
문제아신체상비교인물화
Publisher
이화여자대학교 교육대학원
Degree
Master
Abstract
This study attempted to inquire into and diagnose the cues and objective evidence of the Body Image that is present in the human figure drawing of normal children and 8 groups of children with problems: children with behavior problems, children with emotional problems, children with neurotic habits, children with slow learning, retarded children, children with physical weakness, children with 'Verbal problems, children with perceptual problems 2nd children with problems more than 2 of above mentioned, and the following 4 clusters of group with problems which were classified by the Cruick shank and Johnson's exceptional children classification system, cluster of groups with intellectual problems, cluster of groups, with physical problems, cluster of groups with multiple problems. For these aims, Machover's draw-a-person test has been administered to 3, 4, and 5 grades children at elementary school in urban area, in small city and in rural area. The children with problems were sampled with the teacher's evaluation using a questionnaire designed for this study. As a scoring system, otomo's system of problem indices and symbolic sign has been adopted. The results obtained are as follows. 1. As to the over-all global ratings of problem indices, 8 groups of children with problems and 4 clusters of groups with problem showed significantly higher problem indices than those of normal children respectively. There were meaningful difference of problem indices between children with physical weakness, children with perceptual problems, children with multiple problems and other children with problems respectively. And there also was meaningful differences of problem indices between cluster of groups with physical problems and cluster of group with intellectual problems. 2. As to the ratings according to the cafeteria of symbolic signs problem indices, the children with perceptual problems and the children with physical weakness showed higher problem indices categorized into "S", the children with physical weakness and the cluster of groups with physical problems into "M", the children with physical weakness and the cluster of groups with multiple problems into "Sch". 3. Through the analysis of structural aspects and the body parts drawing, it was revealed that the placement and the size of the human figure, eyes, nose, neck, legs with feet were different between the total group of children with problems and normal children. There also were several differences of figural aspects such as the size of the human figure, posture, eyes, nose, face, arms with hands, legs, females of the human figure etc. among 8 groups of children with problems.;本 硏究는 人物面에 나타나는 身體像을 통하여 일반학급내에서의 正常兒와 行動問題兒, 情緖問題兒, 神經性習慣問題兒, 學習不振 및 精神薄弱兒, 身體虛弱 및 病弱兒, 言語問題兒, 知覺問題兒, 重複問題兒 등 8개 문제아를, 그리고 8개 問題兒를 종합·정의한 情緖·社會的問題群(행동문제아, 정서문제아, 신경성습관문제아), 知的問題群(학습부진 및 정신박약아), 身體的問題群(신체허약 및 병약아, 언어문제아, 지각문제아), 重複問題群 등 4개 문제군을 診斷하고 把握하는 端緖와 그것의 客觀的證據를 제시하는 것에 目的을 두고 있다. 이 연구를 위하여 대도시, 중·소도시, 농촌의 각 1개 학교 3·4·5학년을 대상으로 Machover의 人物畵檢査를 실시하였으며, 각 문제아는 「교사용문제 아동진단질문지」에 대한 교사의 평정으로 표집되었다. 人物畵는 大償의 分析基準에 의하여 問題指標頻度, 象徵的符號別, 構成 및 身體部位別에 따라서 정상아와 8개 문제아 및 4개 문제군의 반응이 평가되었다. 本 硏究의 主要結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 문제지표빈도에 있어 8개 문제아와 4개 문제군이 정상보다 유의하게 높은 빈도를 보였다. 신체허약 및 병약아, 지각문제아, 중복문제아 각각은 다른 문제아 간에 유의한 빈도 차를 보였으며, 신체적문제군과 지적문제군 간에도 유의한 빈도 차를 보였다. 2. 象徵的符號別反應頻度에 있어, S(自我强大)에 있어서 지각문제아와 신체적문제군이 상당히 높은 반응을 보였고 M(自我弱小)에 있어서 신체허약 및 병약아와 신체적 문제군이 높은 반응을 보였다. C(葛藤)에 있어서는 학습부진 및 정신박약아가 높은 반응을 보였고 F(挫折)에 있어서 행동문제아와 지적문제군이 높은 반응을 보였다. Sch(分裂的傾向)에 있어서 신체허약 및 병약아와 중복문제군이 높은 반응을 보였다. 셋째, 構成 및 身體部位別反應에 있어, 전체문제아와 정상아는 人物의 위치와 크기, 눈, 코, 목, 다리의 발에서 다른 형태적 특징을 보였으며 8개 문제아와 4개 문제군 간에도 크기, 모습, 눈, 코, 얼굴, 팔과 손기타 女像등에서 여러 가지 다른 형태적 특징을 보였다.
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