社會階層에 따른 住宅賣買 行動에 關한 一硏究

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the house purchasing behavior and the social stratification in modern Korean urban household, so to reflect the consciousness about house and house purchasing of urban households and contribute to qualitaive progress of our conscious level. The social stratification on the basis of literatures was divided into high, middle and low stratum by the householder's vocation, school career level and the household's monthly average income. The subject of this study was the single detached house centering around Yunhee community in Seoul that people said all the strata coexisted. The decision making process of house purchasing is grasped by the synthesis factors about each family group, but in this study was analized only by his belonging social stratification. The samples were selected by the non-probability sampling method, so became mothers of first, second and third grade students through four elementary schools around this community. And this cannot be a study of the house purchasing behavior of all Korean urban household, but the results are summarised as follows. 1. Yunhee community was our urban middle-class level, people of this community generally owned their house and were satisfied with their present house. The higher their stratum, the more increased their house ownerships, and the more their house ownerships, the more did the degree of their satisfaction. 2. The house purchasing sources were informed by a real estate agency no relation to social satisfaction, but the decision making process showed the way of couple's mutual agreement accordoing to the height of their stratum. The largest effect of house purchasing behavior was the economic condition of each family group, his economic effect was decreased on the case of high stratum and they mostly considered the educational environment. Therefore the advertisement development of single detached house was required in light of our situation attaching to the advertisement of the apartment and semi detached house. And the educational environment must be studied as an important factor of housing community construction.;본 연구는 現代韓國 都市家庭에 있어서 注宅購買行動과 社會階層과의 關係를 파악하여 현재 우리나라 도시민의 住宅觀 및 住宅購買行動에 關한 理論을 整理함으로써 그 水準의 質的向上에 寄與하는 데 意義와 目的을 두었다. 社會階層은 文獻을 基礎로 하여 家口主의 職業·敎育水準 및 家口의 月平均收入을 評價基準으로 하였고, 調査對象으로서 모든 계층이 공존하고 있다고 하는 서울特別市 延禧地域을 中心으로 하였으며, 單獨住宅만을 對象으로 하였다. 一家族集團에 의한 주택구매결정은 각 가정의 綜合的인 諸要因으로써 파악되어야 하나 본 연구에서는 그들이 속하고 있는 社會階層을 하나의 요인으로 하였다. 標本은 非確率 割當標集方法으로 이 지역에 위치하는 4個 國民學敎를 通하여 1·2·3學年 學生의 家庭을 對象으로 抽出하였기 때문에 우리나라 도시 전체가구의 購買行動으로 볼 수는 없으나, 그 結果를 要約하면 아래와 같다. 첫째, 조사대상인 延禧地域은 우리나라 都市中産層의 安定된 水準으로서 대부분이 自家를 所有하고 있었고 현 주택에 대하여 대체로 滿足하고 있었으며 階層이 높아질 수록 自家率이 增加함으로써 滿足의 程度로 병행하여 增加하는 경향을 보였다. 둘째, 주택구매에 관한 情報는 계층에 관계없이 福德房을 의존하고 있었으나, 주택구매의 意思決定過程은 階層이 높아질수록 夫婦의 共同合意에 의하는 決定方式으로 나타났다. 또한 購買의 不可決한 要因은 各 家庭의 經濟的 條件으로서 階層이 높아질수록 이의 영향은 減少傾向을 보여 子女를 위한 敎育環境條件에 많은 관심을 나타냈다. 그러므로 共同住宅의 매매광고에 置重하는 우리나라 住宅廣告의 現實情으로 미루어 보아 單獨住宅部門의 廣告開發이 要求되는 바이며, 住居 團地造成에 있어서 敎育環境條件는 重要한 要因으로 硏究되어야 할 것이다.