女子商業高等學校 學生들의 職業觀에 關한 硏究

Abstract

本 硏究의 目的은 女子商業高等學校 學生들의 職業觀을 把握하여 女子商業高等學校 敎育計訓을 위한 資料와 職業選擇 指導의 資料를 提示하는데 있다. 硏究方法으로는 文獻硏究와 質問紙法에 의한 調査硏究로서 표집대상은 仁川市內 全 女予商業高等學校를 中心으로 하였다. 本 論文의 Ⅱ장에서 價値觀의 定義 및 形成課程, 職業과 職業觀, 職業選擇에 관한 理論的 背最을 살피고 Ⅲ장에서는 女子商業高等學校 學生들의 職業觀과 그에 關聯되는 몇가지 基礎事項을 調査하여 分析하였다. 本 論文의 Ⅱ, Ⅲ장을 要約하면 첫째, 職業人으로서의 姿勢에서는 大部分 學生들이 責任感을 가장 强調하고 있으며 硏究心을 比較的 덜 强調하고 있다. 둘째, 職業選擇의 準據로서는 報酬(7.8%)나 名譽(6.1%)에 비하여 적성에 맞은 職業(72%)을 들고 있다. 세째, 일에 대한 일반적 態度에서는 經濟性과 관련하지 않고 부지런히 일하겠다(73.3%)에 높이 반응하고 있다. 네째, 職業에 있어서 보수에 대한 態度는 보수에 關係없이 열심히 일한다(80%)에 높이 반응하였다. 다섯째, 職業의 계급관에서는 계급에 關係없이 내 일만 충실히 할 수 있다면 된다가 (50%)이며 동기들과 어깨를 나란히 하는 職級이면 된다가(43.3)%로서 동기보다 높은 職級에서 일하는 것을 바란다에는 (6.7%)로 極히 적게 나타났다. 여섯째, 職場에서 勤務中에 불만족한 사태에 처했을 때에는 無條件 참는다에는 낮게 반응하였으며 처음은 참고 나중에 얘기한다에는 比較的 높게 나타났다. 일곱째, 一般的으로 職業準備에 대한 상담이 제대로 이루어지지 않고 있다. 여덟째, 직업준비를 위한 施設이나 직업정보 역할은 大體로 공립이 사립보다 잘 되어 있다. 이상과 같은 결과로 女子商業高等學校 학생들의 직업관은 로젠버그(M. Rossenberg)의 직업의 세가지 측면인 인간지향적가치, 보수지항적가치, 자아발현지향적가치로 본다면 자아발현지향적인데 있다는 점을 발견할 수 있으며 보수에 대해서는 스핀들러(George D. Spindler)의 가치관 분류모형으로 보면 젊은 연령층의 집단이 가지고 있는 새로운 가치특성인 절대적 道德性이 支配하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 硏究結果에 비추어 다음 몇가지를 제언한다. 1. 商業高業學校의 직업지도에서는 직업에 대한 독창성과 창의력을 가질 수 있도록 지도되어야 한다. 2. 업무에 상응하는 적정한 보수를 支給받아야 한다는 동일근로, 동일보수의 槪念을 길러줘야 한다. 3. 직업사회에서 여사무원에 대한 經濟的, 社會的으로 직업적 대우를 하도록 함으로써 여사무원에게도 독창성과 창의력이 개발될 수 있도록 積極的 改善方案을 강구해야 한다. 4. 職業指導를 위한 학교측의 積極的이고 科學的인 시설과 情報活動이 기대된다. 5. 이런 與件과 基他事項을 解決하기 위해 學校와 地域社會間의 공통적 努力이 기대된다.;This study is designed to obtain data conductive to the formulation of educational programs for girls' commercial high schools jobvalue orientation to job guidance for students in particular. The study has been conducted by inquiring into literature of the subject as well as a questionnaire survey. Selected as respondents in the survey are mainly students of girls' commercial high schools in Inchon. The following factors have been revealed as a result of the questionnaire survey : First, they are the most proper attitude toward occupation they placed most emphasis on the sense of responsibility and relatively less stress on research and study. Second, an overwhelming majority of the respondents (72%) gave fitness to one's aptitude as the most important factor to be considered when one selects a job. High remunerations were cited as such by only 7.8% and honor or social status by merely 6.1%. Third, asked about the most important attitude they think required in the performance of work, an extremely big portion of 73.3% replied that they would work hard irrespective of economic benefits accruing from jobs. Fourth, asked what they think about pays, as many as 80% replied that they would work hard without being affected by the size of remunerations. Fifth, asked about job grades they will be given, 50% of the respondents said they would be satisfied if they could work hard in whichever job grade they may be placed. 43.3% said they would work satisfactorily if they are given job grades identical with those given to their colleagues, that is, their classmates and equivalent. Only 6.7% replied that they would prefer working in job grades higher than those given to their colleagues. Sixth, asked about the virtue of patience at jobs, they generally expressed repugnance against an unconditional patience toward superiors' acts which they deem unreasonable. A considerable prpportion of the respondents said they would put up with such acts on the first occasion only and would speak out when they are repeated by their superiors. Seventh, the respondents disclosed a dissatisfaction toward their schools' job guidance programs. They expressed a view that public girls' commercial high schools are better equipped with job guidance facilities and provide students with better information on available jobs than their private counterparts. These findings of the survey show that an overwhelming portion of the students questioned in the questionnaire survey entertains a sense of self realization-oriented value toward the selection of occupation as referred to by Rosenberg. As for attitude toward remunerations, a dominant portion holds absolute virtue, a new value system unique to the younger generation, as classified by Spindler. The writer would like to make the following suggestions based on the findings of the survey : First, it is an alarming fact that the students are least interested in research and study which are essential for creativeness and ingenuity at jobs. Such an attitude indicates that they may be prepared only for skilled manual work, and not for career. It is recommended therefore that steps be taken to correct such mentality on the part of the students in the course of job guidance. Second, the response that they are little interested in pays shows an identical trend with their response to proper attitude toward jobs. It is not quite desirable for the students to ignore financial benefits accruing from jobs and it is deemed necessary to foster among the students a sense of value that one is entitled to better remunerations if he or she is engaged in work requiring more capabilities and responsibilities. Third, it is necessary for private girls' commercial high schools to assume a more positive stance toward job guidance and improve their job guidance facilities.