농어촌 지역 여고생의 자아정체감에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study first started from a wish to have the sense of self identity of female high school students of farming and fishing communities take a triangular position positively. For this, the degree of the sense of self identity of them was surveyed, and the relation between the sense of self identity and variable factors which were thought to have influence on the formation of it was comparatively analyzed, the contribute to the guidelines to have an understanding of them and to grope for a desirable orientation of domestic education. Subjected for the required sample collection were total 300 female high school students in their 2nd school year of the districts of Seosanand Dangjin, Choongchungnam-do. For a domestic environment diagnosis examination as the tool of survey, "General Study and Diagnosis of Juvenile Problems" produced by Lee Chae-Chang (1981) was reorganized so as to be used appropriately to the purpose of the study, and for a self identity sense examination, what was produced by the Yonsei University in 1986 was made use of. And, the process of the collected materials adopted such statistical methods as those by SPSS program package: frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, variable analysis, gradual multi-regression analysis etc. To sum up the results from this process: 1. The general sense of self identity of female high school students showed a significant interrelation with the variable factor of socio-economic status of their parents. Especially, the higher status point of group showed the high general sense of self identity, and, in lower range, 'Social adaptabilty' appeared in a significantly high degree. 2. In the relations between the general sense of self identity and variable factors of birth order, friendship and the degree of academic performance, there could not be found a significant degree of interrelatin between the general sense of self identity and the factor of birth order, but, the factors of friendship and degree in academic performance and the general sense of self identity showed altogether some interrelations in significant lelves. That is, the more harmonious friendship it had, the group showed the higher degree of general sense of self identity, and, in lower ranges, 'peculiarity', 'self-adoption,' and 'sociability' were high significantly. Also, the group with the higher degree of academic performance had the higher genreal sense of self identity, and, in lower, range, 'self-adoption' and 'future planning' were high significantly. 3. The variable factors of famiy atmosphere and parents to child relation and the genral sense of self identity showed interrelations in a significant level altogether. That is, groups with the better points of family atmosphere had the higher, general sene of self identity, and, in lower range, 'value,' 'social adaptibility,' 'self-adoption,' future-planning' and 'self-confidence' appeared high significantly. Also, the better relation between parents and children it had, the group showed the higher, genreal sense of self identity, and, in lower range, 'value,' 'social adaptibility,' and 'future planning' were high significantly. 4. Among the variable factors that had influence on the sense of self identity of female high school students of farming and fishing communities, they had significantly high influences on it in the orders of stable combination of wealth, friendship and the degree of academic performance.;본 연구는 농어촌지역 여고생의 자아정체감을 긍정적으로 정립시키기 위해, 농어촌지역 여고생의 자아정체감 수준을 조사하고, 자아정체감 형성에 영향을 준다고 여겨지는 변인들을 설정하여, 이 변인들과 자아정체감과의 관계를 비교 분석함으로써 농어촌지역 여고생을 이해하고 지도하는데 도움을 주며 바람직한 가정교육의 방향 모색에 그 목적이 있다. 연구를 위한 표집대상은 충남 서산·당진지역의 여자고등학교 2학년 학생으로서 총 258여명이었다. 조사도구로서의 가정환경진단검사는 "청소년문제 종합진단연구"에서 이재창 (1981) 등이 제작한 것을 본 연구자가 연구목적에 맞게 재구성하여 사용하였으며, 자아정체감 검사는 1986년 연세대학교 심리학과에서 제작한 것을 사용하였다. 수집된 자료의 처리는 SPSS Program Package에 의한 빈도와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, F검증, 변량분석(ANOVA), 단순상관분석(Pearson Correlation), 단계적 중다회귀분석 (Stepwise multiple regression)등의 통계방법을 적용하였으며, 이상의 과정을 통해 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 농어촌지역 여고생의 전체자아정체감은 가정의 사회경제적 지위 변인과 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈으며, 자아정체감의 하위요인중 「사회적 적응력」이 사회경제적 지위가 높을수록 유의하게 높았다. 출생순위와 자아정체감과는 유의한 상관관계를 발견할 수 없었다. 2. 교우관계와 학업성취도는 전체 자아정체감과 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈다. 하위요인에서는 교우관계가 원만할수록 「독특성」·「자기수용」·「사회성」이 유의한 수준에서 높게 나타났다. 또한, 학업성취도가 높을수록 「자기수용」·「미래계획」이 유의하게 높았다. 3. 가정분위기·부모자녀관계와 여고생의 전체자아정체감은 유의한 수준에서 상관관계를 나타냈으며, 하위요인에서는 가정 분위기가 좋을수록 「가치」·「사회적 적응력」·「자기수용」·「미래계획」·「자신감」이 유의한 수준에서 높게 나타났다. 또한, 부모자녀관계가 좋은 집단일수록 「가치」·「사회적 적응력」·「미래계획」이 유의하게 높았다. 4. 농어촌지역 여고생의 자아정체감에 영향을 주는 변인중 유의한 영향력을 가진 변인은 부의 안정·화합, 교우관계, 모의 복종, 학업성취도 순으로 나타났다.