韓國 陸上 競技史 硏究

Abstract

朝鮮이 문호를 開放하고 新文化를 導入하기 始作한 甲午更張 以後 新式敎育機關이 設立되고 그 敎科適程에 따라 現代스포츠가 主로 外國人敎師들에 依해 普及되고 이는 各種運動會를 通해 學生과 一般國民에게 소개되었다. 그 最初의 運動會라 할 수 있는 1896년5월21일 英語學校의 運動會를 兼한 花脚會를 효시로 오늘날의 陸上競技大會에 가까운 1897년6월16일의 英語學校 大運動會가 始作된 以後 每年 各級學校에서 다루어 運動會를 開催 광무9년(1905)부터 융희3년(1909)까지 運動會의 全感時代를 이루었는데 1896년 以後부터 이때까지를 편의상 運動會時代로 區分지을수 있는바 當時 이 運動會는 參加하는 學生은 勿論 朝庭을위시한 各關係機關과 一般國民의 種極的인 呼應과 후원을 얻었고 一般國民의 體育에 對한 認識이 고취되어 마침내 1906년6월10일에 우리나라 最初의 體育團體인 大韓體育俱樂部가 發足되기에 이르러 學校體育에서 一般體育으로 發展하는 一大轉機를 마련하였다. 運動會時代를 代表할만한 運動會는 1908년 5월 21얼 漢城內 官私立學校 秘苑運動會를 들 수 있는데 이때부터 대대적인 民衆의 集會와 소요를 禁止하는 日帝의 간섭으로 말미암아 學部가 主管하는 公式的인 運動會는 中斷되었다. 運動會時代 最後의 運動會는 韓日合倂 以後 1912년5월10일 在京朝鮮中等程度의 私立學校 8個校 聯合하여 靑坡亭에서 開催한 春季違動會인데 以後 1919년까지 各學校의 運動倉는 자취를 감추었다. 이 期間 擧行된 各種 運動會를 살펴볼때 競接種目의 大部分이 陸上競控였고 回數를 거듭할수록 種目과 內容이 다양해지고 諸般 規駱이나 競技區間등이 確定되어 現在의 陸上競技大會와 類似해짐을 알 수 있다. 때문에 이때의 名運動會를 中心으로 그 變遷過程을 비교 분석하여 初創期 韓國陸上競技史를 考察하여 보았다.;After Gab Oh Kyeong Jang that Chosun opened the door to take modern culture, new education centre was established and modern sports was distributed by foreign teachers according to the curriculum. Accordingly, it was introduced to the pupils and civilians through various kinds of athletic meeting. As every school hold a athletic meeting every year since a grand athletic meeting, that is to say todays track and field contest, was initiated at June 16, 1897 by English school, at the start of Hwa Yu Hoe held at May.2, 1896, the golden age for athletic meeting continues from 1905 (9th year of King Kwang Mu) to 1909 (3rd year of King Yung Hee). We can say this time a athletic meeting season under the peaces of times. This is a great event that gets great concerns from the pupils as well as the government and, positive response and sponsor from the nationals. For it, nationals was encouraged at the recognition of sports and Dae Han Sports Club was irregulated at June 10, 1906 which could be regarded as the first sports organization in our country. It can be considered a process of which the school sports was promoted to the national sports. A athletic meeting that is worth while to represent the golden age might be the athletic meeting held at Secret Garden among all private schools in Seoul, May 21, 1908. All public athletic meeting sponsored by the Government was stopped due to the Japanese intervention widely prohibiting civil meetings and commotions. The latest athletic meeting is spring athletic meeting which was held at Chung Pa pacilion under the sponsor of 8 private junior schools in Seoul, May 10, 1912 after the Korean- Japanese Union. Hereafter, any athletic meetings of every school have not been resumed until 1919. In view of observing a sort of athletic meetings that have been effected during this period, we can earily know that they are almost the track and field, and its items and contents were varied according to the times effected, of which regulation and required distance was decided accordingly. So we can also recogenize that this is getting similar to the current track and field contests. For it, I deliberately studied the juvenile period of Korean history of track and field contests. analyzing the process of its development under a sort of athletic meetings in the era.