여대생의 피부건강관련행위와 사회 심리적 건강과의 관련성

Abstract

산업사회가 발달하면서 많은 여성들의 사회진출이 활발해지고 문화의 발달에 비례해서 미의 개념이 모든 여성에게 일반화 되어감에 따라 신체 내적인 건강뿐만 아니라 신체 외적인 건강과 아름다움에 대한 기대와 욕구가 강해지고 있고 피부건강에 대한 관심도 증가하고 있다. 또한 사회 생활이 복잡해짐에 따라 피부건강행위는 정신상태와 대인관계 및 일상생활과도 밀접한 관계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 여대생의 피부건강행위와 사회 심리적 건강수준을 파악하고, 피부건강행위와 사회 심리적 건강과의 관련성을 분석하여 여대생의 사회 심리적 건강 관리에서 피부건강행위의 의미를 고찰하고 효과적인 피부건강교육 프로그램을 설계함에 도움이 되고자 서울에 위치한 여대의 여학생 322명, 남녀공학대 여학생 363명으로 총 685명을 대상으로 2002년 10월 23일부터 11월 6일까지 설문조사를 실시하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 피부건강행위 점수의 분포는 20-40점 8.7%, 41-60점 51.6%, 61-80점 36.7%, 81-100점 0.4%로 100점 만점에 최저 점수가 22점, 최고 점수가 97점이고 평균은 56.9점이었다. 가. 일반적 특성에서는 연령이 높을수록, 재학생보다 휴학생의 경우 피부건강행위의 점수가 높았다. 남녀공학에 다니는 여대생보다 여대에 다니는 여대생이, 소득수준이 높을수록 피부건강행위의 점수가 더 높았다. 또한 외모에 대한 만족이 높을수록, 건강상태가 좋을수록, 건강에 대한 관심이 많을수록 피부건강행위에 대한 점수가 더 높았다. 나. 피부건강행위에 관한 문항별 수준은 세안 등 개인 위생에 철저히 신경을 쓴다 가 3.81점으로 가장 높았고 정기적으로 피부관리실을 방문하여 관리를 받는다 는 1.39점(5점 만점)으로 가장 낮은 점수를 나타내었다. 다. 피부관련 특성에서는 피부상태가 좋을수록, 피부유형이 민감성인 여대생이 다른 피부유형을 가진 여대생보다 피부건강행위의 점수가 더 높았다. 또한 피부색이나 잔주름으로 고민하는 여대생이 다른 피부고민을 갖고 있는 여대생보다, 피부과 의원이나 미용관련업소·미용인을 통해서 피부건강관리에 대한 정보를 습득하는 여대생이 다른 경로로 정보를 얻는 여대생보다, 화장품 부작용 경험이 있는 여대생이 없는 여대생보다 피부건강행위의 점수가 더 높았다. 2. 사회 심리적 건강의 점수 분포는 45-90점 50.3%, 91-135점 45.7%, 136- 180점 0.5%로 180점 만점에 최저점수가 57점, 최고점수가 161점이고 평균은 91.5점이었다. 가. 일반적 특성에서는 연령이 높을수록, 학년이 높을수록, 소득수준이 높을수록, 외모에 대한 만족이 높을수록, 건강상태가 좋을수록, 건강에 대한 관심이 많을수록 사회 심리적 건강에 대한 점수가 더 높았다. 나. 사회 심리적 건강에 관한 문항별 수준은 현재 매우 편안하며 건강하다고 느낀다 가 2.94점으로 가장 높았고 일하는 것이 힘들게 느껴진다 가 1.14점(4점 만점)으로 가장 낮은 점수를 나타내었다. 다. 피부관련 특성에서는 피부상태가 좋을수록, 피부유형이 민감성인 여대생이 다른 피부유형을 가진 여대생보다 사회 심리적 건강의 점수가 더 높았다. 또한 피부색으로 고민하는 여대생이 잔주름 등으로 고민하는 여대생보다, 화장품 부작용 경험이 없는 여대생이 있는 여대생보다 사회심리적 건강의 점수가 더 높았다. 3. 사회 심리적 건강에 대한 일반적 특성과 피부관련 특성, 피부건강행위와의관련성은 연령, 생활수준, 건강상태, 피부상태 그리고 피부건강행위에서 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 사회 심리적 건강은 연령 r=-.10 (p<.01), 생활수준 r=-.24 (p<.001), 건강상태 r=-.27 (p<.001), 피부상태 r=-.08 (p<.05)로 유의한 음(-)의 상관관계를 보였으며, 피부건강행위는 r=.12 (p<.05)로 유의한 양(+)의 상관관계를 보였다. ; As the society has been industrialized, many women have actively entered the social business, the concept of beauty has been generalized among most women in proportion to cultural developments, women have a strong desire and expectation of not only physical health but also beauty & health of outward appearance. Also, according as the society has been complicated, women s skin health behavior has closely related with their mental state, personal relations, and everyday life. Therefore, the purposes of this study are to analyze the influences of university women s skin health behavior on psychosocial health, to observe the meaning of university women s skin health behavior in the area of university women s psychosocial health control, and to plan effective educational programs for skin health. 322 university women attending women s universities and 363 university women attending universities for both sexes were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey; the total number of examinees was 685, and the examination period was from October 23rd to November 6th, 2002. Study results are as follows; 1. The score distributions of skin health behavior are as follows; 8.7% of examinees got 20-40 points, 51.6% got 41-60 points, 36.7% got 61-80 points, 0.4% got 81-100 points. The full score was 100 points; the lowest score was 22 points and the highest score was 97 points, so that the average score was 56.9 points. a. The general characters are as follows; the older they were, the higher their income levels were, the higher their scores of skin health behavior were. Scores of skin health behavior of students who stay out of school temporarily were higher than those of enrolled students. Scores of skin health behavior of university women attending women s universities were higher than those of university women attending universities for both sexes. The higher their satisfaction degrees with their appearances were, the better their health states were, the more they were concerned about health problems, the higher their scores of skin health behavior were. b. The levels by questions about skin health behavior are as follows; the item of they thoroughly concern individual sanitary acts like face washing got the highest score, 3.81 points. The item of they control skin state by regularly visiting skin-controlling institutes got the lowest score, 1.39 points(full score, 5 points). c. Characters related with skin are as follows; the better their skin conditions were, the higher their scores of skin health behavior were. Scores of skin health behavior of university women whose skin types were sensitiveness were higher than those of university women whose skin was not sensitive. Scores of skin health behavior of university women who worry about their skin wrinkles or skin colors were higher than those of university women who have different kinds of skin troubles. Scores of skin health behavior of university women who get skin-related information through clinics of dermatology or beauty salons·specialists in this area were higher than those of university women who get the information through other kinds of route. Scores of skin health behavior of university women who have experienced adverse effects of beauty products were higher than those of university women who have not experienced adverse effects of beauty products. 2. The score distributions of psychosocial health are as follows; 50.3% of examinees got 45-90 points, 45.7% got 91-135 points, 0.5% got 136- 180 points. The full score was 180 points; the lowest score was 57 points and the highest score was 161 points, so that the average score was 91.5 points. a. The general characters are as follows; the older they were, the higher their university years were, the higher their income levels were, the higher their satisfaction degrees with their appearances were, the better their health states were, the more they were concerned about health problems, the higher their scores of psychosocial health were. b. The levels by questions about psychosocial health are as follows; the item of they feel comfortable and healthy at present got the highest score, 2.94 points. The item of they feel difficulty in working got the lowest score, 1.14 points(full score, 4 points). c. Characters related with skin are as follows; the better their skin conditions were, the higher their scores of psychosocial health were. Scores of psychosocial health of university women whose skin types were sensitiveness were higher than those of university women whose skin was not sensitive. Scores of psychosocial health of university women who worry about their skin colors were higher than those of university women who worry about their skin wrinkles. Psychosocial health scores of university women who have experienced adverse effects of beauty products were higher than those of university women who have not experienced adverse effects of beauty products. 3. Relations among general characters of psychosocial health, skin-related characters, and skin health behavior are as follows; Age, living standards, health states, skin states and skin health behavior had significant relation with psychosocial health. Age(r=-.10), living standards(r=-.24), health states(r=-.27), skin states(r=-.08) had a negative correlation, while skin health behavior(r=.12) had a positive correlation.