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dc.contributor.advisor곽혜선-
dc.contributor.author김은영-
dc.creator김은영-
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-26T12:08:56Z-
dc.date.available2016-08-26T12:08:56Z-
dc.date.issued2012-
dc.identifier.otherOAK-000000072247-
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/189873-
dc.identifier.urihttp://dcollection.ewha.ac.kr/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000072247-
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVES The main purpose of this study was to characterize the metabolism of aceclofenac in humans, and to analyze the time courses of plasma concentrations of aceclofenac and its major metabolites using pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling approach. A determination method using HPLC-MS/MS was developed to measure those substances in human and rat plasma. Absolute bioavailability (BA) of aceclofenac was also investigated in rats to get absorption information. METHODS To determine aceclofenac and its major metabolites in rat and human plasma, a HPLC-MS/MS method was developed. For investigating its absolute BA and metabolism in rats, it was dissolved in a sterile aqueous solution containing urea (20%) and trisodium citrate (10%), then administered via oral (20 mg/kg) and intravenous (10 mg/kg) routes. Blood samples were taken serially. Aceclofenac and its three major metabolites were measured by HPLC-MS/MS. Twenty healthy male subjects (mean age 24 years; 20~29 years) took part, and serial plasma samples were obtained following an oral administration (100 mg). Plasma concentrations of aceclofenac and its three metabolites versus time curves were analyzed by a model-independent way, and the mean curves were fitted by a PK modeling approach using ADAPT II software package. A comprehensive PK model was developed on the basis of the metabolic pathway RESULTS The ion transitions for aceclofenac, diclofenac, 4’-hydroxy-diclofenac, 4’-hydroxyaceclofenac and flufenamic acid were m/z 352.9∪ 74.9, 296.1∪251.7, 311.8∪267.7, 368.9∪74.9, and 279.9∪235.9, respectively. The assay precision was less than 6.5% and 8.5%, and the accuracy ranged 93-110% and 92-103% in human and rat plasma, respectively. The absolute BA of aceclofenac was about 15%. Diclofenac and 4’-hydroxydiclofenac were the main metabolites in rats, in contrast to 4’-hydroxyaceclofenac in humans. In the PK modeling of aceclofenac, the delay parameter (┱) was 0.2 h, and the absorption rate constant, ka, was 0.95 h&#8211;1C1. Two compartments were needed to fit the aceclofenac and 4’-hydroxyaceclofenac data, and one additional compartment was enough to figure out the generation and disposition of diclofenac and 4’-hydroxydiclofenac. The present model describes the time courses of plasma concentrations of aceclofenac and its three metabolites, with relatively narrow CV (<50%), except for the formation of diclofenac (km,diclo) and 4’-hydroxydiclofenac (km,Fdiclo, and km,F4’OH-ace). CONCLUSION The present analytic method is very simple, sensitive, and accurate to determine the plasma concentrations of aceclofenac and its metabolites in rats and humans. The absolute BA of aceclofenac was about 15%. A comprehensive PK model fully describes the time course of plasma aceclofenac concentration as well as the formation and disposition of its three major metabolites in healthy volunteers.;본 연구는 사람에서 소염진통제로 널리 사용되는 aceclofenac의 대사 경로를 확인하고, 주요 대사체들의 시간에 따른 변화를 약동학 모델링을 통해 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 혈장에 서 aceclofenac과 주요 대사체들의 정량 분석방법을 LC-MS/MS를 이용하여 확립하였고, 흡수에 대한 정보를 얻기 위해 흰쥐에서 aceclofenac의 절대생체이용률을 평가하였다. 사람과 흰쥐의 혈장에서 aceclofenac 및 주요 대사체 (4’-hydroxyaceclofenac, diclofenac, 4’-hydroxydiclofenac)를 정량 하기 위해 LC-MS/MS를 사용하였으며, 분석법 검증을 통해 신뢰성을 확보하였다. 흰쥐에서 절대 경구 생체이용률 측정을 위해 멸균 정제수에 urea (20%)와 trisodium citrate (10%)를 혼합하여 주사 제형을 만들고, 경구(20 mg/kg)와 정맥(10 mg/kg)으로 각각 투여한 후 시간 별로 혈액 시료를 채취, 네 물질의 농도를 측정하였다. 건강한 성인 20명에 aceclofenac 100 mg을 단회 경구투여 한 후 24시간까지 혈액 시료를 채취하여 aceclofenac과 주요 네 대사체의 시간에 따른 변화를 측정하였다. 시간에 따른 혈중 농도의 변화는 약동학 모델링 기법을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 컴파트먼트 모델을 이용하여 모 화합물 및 각 대사체의 혈중 추이를 가장 잘 설명하는 모델을 확립하였다. 연구결과 Aceclofenac, diclofenac, 4’-hydroxydiclofenac, 4’-hydroxyaceclo-fenac, flufenamic acid의 mass transition은 각각 m/z 352.9∪74.9, 296.1∪ 251.7, 311.8∪267.7, 368.9∪74.9, 279.9∪235.9이었다. 사람 혈장에서의 분 석 정밀도는 6.5% 미만이었고, 정확도는 93~110% 범위였다. 흰쥐 혈장에서의 정밀도는 8.5% 미만이었으며, 정확도는 92~103% 였다. 흰 쥐에서 aceclofenac의 절대 경구생체이용률은 약 15%이었다. 사람에서는 4’-hydroxyaceclofenac가 주 대사체인 반면, 흰쥐에서는 diclofenac과 4’-hydroxydiclofenac이 주 대사체로 확인되었다. 약동학 모델링 결과, aceclofenac은 약 0.2 시간의 흡수 지연을 보였으며, 흡수속도상수는 0.95 h-1 (r2 = 0.96)이었다. 혈중 aceclofenac과 4’-hydroxyaceclo-fenac농도 변화는 2-컴파트먼트 모델을, diclofenac과 4’-hydroxydiclo-fenac은 각각 하나씩의 추가적인 컴파트먼트를 추가한 모델을 적용하였다. HPLC-MS/MS를 이용한 정량 분석법을 확립하여 사람과 흰쥐의 혈장에서 aceclofenac과 주요 대사체를 매우 간단하고, 정확하게 측정 하였다. Aceclofenac의 절대 경구생체이용률은 약 15%였으며, 이는 광범위한 대사의 결과로 판단된다. ADAPT II software를 이용한 건강한 성인에서의 약동학 모델링을 통해 시간에 따른 aceclofenac과 세 가지 주요 대사체들의 혈중농도변화를 적절히 fitting하였으며, 반복투여에 따른 추이를 예측하였다.-
dc.description.tableofcontentsI. Introduction 1 A. Pharmacology of aceclofenac 2 B. Pharmacokinetics of aceclofenac 3 C. Dosage and administration 8 D. Comparative efficacy / Evaluation with other therapies 8 E. Determination method of aceclofenac and its metabolites in plasma 10 II. Objectives 11 III. Methods 12 A. Determination of aceclofenac and its major metabolites in rat and human plasmas 12 B. Bioavailability and metabolism of aceclofenac in rats 19 C. Pharmacokinetic modeling of aceclofenac metabolism in humans 21 IV. Results 34 A. Simultaneous determination of aceclofenac and its major metabolites in human plasma 34 B. Simultaneous determination of aceclofenac and its major metabolites in rat plasma 41 C. Bioavailability and metabolism of aceclofenac in rats 47 D. Pharmacokinetic modeling of aceclofenac metabolism in humans 52 V. Discussion 64 A. Determination of aceclofenac and its major metabolites in rat and human plasmas 64 B. Bioavailability and metabolism of aceclofenac in Rats 66 C. Pharmacokinetic modeling of aceclofenac metabolism in humans 69 VI. Conclusion 72 References 73 국문초록 82-
dc.formatapplication/pdf-
dc.format.extent2531479 bytes-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisher이화여자대학교 대학원-
dc.subject.ddc600-
dc.titleAbsorption and Metabolism of Aceclofenac-
dc.typeDoctoral Thesis-
dc.title.subtitleA Comprehensive Pharmacokinetic Modeling-
dc.format.pageix, 83 p.-
dc.identifier.thesisdegreeDoctor-
dc.identifier.major대학원 생명·약학부약학전공-
dc.date.awarded2012. 8-
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