색채의 공감각(共感覺)에 의한 색채인지 연구

Abstract

오늘날, 기술의 발달과 여러 매체의 출연으로 우리는 많은 색을 사용하고 실생활에 적용해나가고 있다. 이와 함께 색채를 통한 감성 커뮤니케이션이 다양한 분야에서 활용 되어 지고 있다. 인간의 감각과 감성에서 색과 함께 연관되는 색채공감각의 중요성이 커지고 있는 것이다. 오감은 각 감각이 개별적으로 존재하는 것이 아니라 겹치고 보완되면서 우리의 감성구조를 보다 입체적으로 구성한다. 이와 관련해서 색채와 공감각에 관련되어서 시각적 요소에 많은 관심을 보이고 있으나 그 밖의 다른 공감각과 관련된 연구는 상대적으로 적다. 색채공감각의 중요성에 맞추어 색채 공감각적 연관성에 관련된 세부적인 연구가 이루어져야 할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 이에 연구자는 감각간의 색채 공감각적 연관성이 존재함을 밝히고, 더 나아가 한 감각이 제한되었을 때 색채 공감각적 차이점에 대한 연구를 전개하였다. 일반아동 및 청소년과 청각장애 아동 및 청소년에게 오감에 대한 자극을 의미하는 언어를 제시 후 색 견본을 선택하게 하였다. 조사에 따른 결과를 색채인지 분포에 따른 분석하여 차이점과 공통점을 비교하였으며 색상과 색조에 따라 순위를 나열하였다. 본 연구에서는 오감에 관련된 색채공감각의 중요성을 인지하고 그에 따른 색채를 제시함으로써, 감각간의 색채 공감각적 연관성을 밝히고자 하였다. 오감경험은 감성을 발달시킬 수 있는 좋은 방법이 될 수 있으며 미술을 쉽고 적극적으로 접하게 할 수 있다. 아동 및 청소년의 교육은 입시위주, 지식위주의 교육에서 벗어나 감성교육과 정서교육이 강조되어야 하며. 개성과 감성을 계발 할 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 도입되어야 할 필요성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 오감의 중요성을 강조하였다. 또한 감각간의 색채 공감각적 연관성이 유의미한 관계가 있다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 따라서 색채공감각에 따른 인지 특성의 차이를 본질적으로 규명하기 위한 다양한 연구가 후속되어야 할 것이다.;Today we use many colors and apply them in our life with development of technologies and appearance of several media. Along with this, sensitive communication through color is applied in various areas. The importance of color synesthesia connected with colors in human senses and sensitivity increases. Five senses do not exist individually but overlap and supplement one another so that they compose the structure of our sensitivity in three dimensions. In relation to this, many pay attention to visual elements related to colors and synesthesia, but there are relatively less studies related to other synesthesia. In the pace of the importance of color synesthesia, there is an emerging need of specific studies related to the connection of color synesthesia. Thus, the author identifies the existence of connections of synesthesia between senses and develops an investigation on the differences of color synesthesia when a sense is limited. Normal children and teenagers, and children and teenagers with hearing disability were presented with words meaning stimulation of five senses and were asked to choose color samples. The results of the experiment were analyzed according to the range of color recognition and compare their differences and similarities, and then they were ranked according to color and tone. The findings of this study are as follows; Firstly, according to the stages of development, children and teenagers are divided into three groups including the stage of peer group, and determining stage, but mostly they show similar responses so there is no difference from common analysis. This demonstrates that the development of five senses related to color is formed before the late childhood set in this study. Secondly, although this study conducted examination according to gender of the children and teenagers, the result did not show differences in male and female. Thus, unlike color preference according to gender, color recognition according to color synesthesia. Thirdly, the results that general children and teenagers and children and teenagers with hearing disability recognized languages meaning stimulations to five senses were very similar except for that of hearing. According to such results, it could be confirmed the existence of connection of color synesthesia between senses. Fourthly, this study could conclude narrower range of colors than the wide range of colors which was presented in the literature review. By analyzing according to colors and tone, we could be able to know the characteristics of color recognition on language meaning stimulation by sense. Fifthly, if we look at the characteristics of color recognition on languages meaning aural stimulations which showed big differences, general children and teenagers focus on recognition in narrow areas whereas children and teenagers with hearing disability could not find common point of both colors and tone. Such a finding confirmed that when one sense is limited, mutual effect between each stimulation and their connection have a big influence on color recognition. In this study, the author intended to identify the connection between senses by recognizing the importance of synesthesia related to five senses and presenting colors according to the recognition. The experience of five senses can be a good way to develop sensitivity and enable children and teenagers to easily and actively learn arts. The education for children and teenagers has to emphasize education of sensitivity and emotion by breaking the examination and knowledge centered education, and there is a need of introducing educational programs which can develop personality and sensitivity. This study emphasizes the importance of five senses. In addition, there is significant connection in connection of synesthesia of colors between senses. Therefore, there should be further studies to essentially identify the difference of the characteristics of recognition according to synesthesia color.